All Four Gospels Agree

All four New Testament Gospels – Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John – agree on Passion story. The Passion story gives the story of Jesus’ final days on earth beginning with Jesus’ Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem (Mark 11:1-10; see also Matthew 21:1-9; Luke 19:29-38; John 12:12-15) and ending with Jesus’ resurrection from complete death (Mark 16:1-8; see also Matthew 28:1-8; Luke 24:1-10; John 20:1-8). Despite the differences of the four New Testament Gospels, all four Gospels are essentially the same at the end. All four Gospels describe Jesus’ Passion – His arrest, suffering, death, and miraculous resurrection. Many biblical scholars believe that the early church fathers wrote the Passion story first, and the four Gospel writers used this written Passion story as a source for their Gospels.

The further one reads towards the beginning of the Gospels, the more diverse the Gospels become. The four Gospels are very different at the beginning of their stories. Matthew has one birth account, and Luke has another birth account while John grounds his story in eternity. Thus, the most uniformity of the Gospels is the end and the most diversity at the beginning. Matthew begins his Gospel narrative with Jesus’ genealogy, His birth, and Jesus’ early years, including His escape to Egypt from evil King Herod and their return to Nazareth. However, Mark’s Gospel omits Jesus’ birth narrative and begins with John the Baptist's preaching in the wilderness and announcing Jesus’ coming arrival. Then, Mark moves quickly through Jesus’ baptism, the temptation in the desert, and call of His first disciples. By Mark 1:14, Mark takes us directly into Jesus’ public ministry in first century Galilee. Luke begins his Gospel with angels appearing to Zechariah and then to Mary, announcing the coming births of John the Baptist and Jesus. Then, Luke explains how Mary would conceive Jesus by the Holy Spirit. John begins his Gospel, not with a Jesus’ birth story. Instead, John’s Gospel describes Jesus’ eternal beginning and reminds his readers that Jesus is eternal and existed with God the Father and the Holy Spirit at creation. 

After Jesus’ death and resurrection, the essence of the apostles’ preaching and teaching was Jesus’ Passion – His arrest, suffering, death, and resurrection (e.g., Acts 2:22-24, 36; Acts 5:29-32; 1 Corinthians 15:1-11). In Jesus’ death and resurrection, the apostles received the full understanding of Jesus’ identity as Messiah and Son of God, and they could not stop proclaiming what they had visually seen and heard (Acts 4:20, 33; see also Romans 1:4). Moreover, after Jesus’ death and resurrection, the apostles began to appreciate and understand Jesus’ life and various miracles. In a sense, the Gospel of Jesus started with Jesus’ death and resurrection and pushed backward.

References

Life Application Study Bible (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Pub., 2005).

Edwards, James R. The Gospel According to Mark (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2002).

Loyd, Melton, Ph.D., Professor of New Testament (Due West Campus: Erskine Theological Seminary, 2015).