What Is Faith?

¹ Faith is the confidence (conviction, sureness, belief) that what we hope for (expectation, optimism) will actually happen; it gives us assurance (guarantee) about things we cannot see. ² Through their faith, the people in days of old earned a good reputation (testimony). ³ By faith we understand that the entire universe (worlds) was formed at God’s command (Word), that what we now see did not come from anything that can be seen…. ⁶ And it is impossible to please (and be satisfactory to) God without faith. Anyone who wants to come to Him must believe that God exists and that He rewards those who sincerely seek Him. Hebrews 11:1-3, 6, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

In the great chapter of Hebrews 11, the unknown author of Hebrews gives an Old Testament history lesson on faith in the living LORD God and His Son, Jesus the Messiah (Christ) (see Hebrews 11:1-40). Then in chapter 12, the author of Hebrews encourages all believers to keep their hearts and minds on Lord Jesus Christ, who is the Author and Perfecter of our faith (see Hebrews 12:2). By faith, the writer of Hebrews declares that the universe, worlds, the ages, the stars, and all living things were made by the invisible yet eternal LORD God Almighty’s Word (Hebrews 1:2; Hebrews 11:3; see also Genesis 1:1; Psalm 33:6, 9; John 1:3; Romans 4:17; 2 Peter 3:5).

No one can please and become satisfactory to the living LORD God Almighty, who is the Father of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, without our wholehearted and open faith in Him (Hebrews 11:6; see also 1 Kings 8:61; 1 Chronicles 28:9; 2 Corinthians 5:7). Faith in the living LORD God of glory also means faith in His Son, the Lord Jesus of glory (e.g., see John 12:44; John 14:1). The living LORD God and His Son Jesus are ONE (e.g., see John 10:30, 38; John 12:45; John 14:9-11; 2 Corinthians 4:4; Philippians 2:6; Colossians 1:15; Hebrews 1:3). The Lord Jesus Christ came from His Father, the true and living God of heaven and earth (e.g. see, John 1:1, 14, 18; John 17:3). Our faith must ONLY be in the living LORD God Almighty and His Son, who created the heavens and earth (e.g., see Acts 17:24-28; Colossians 1:15-20). Anyone who wants to come to the only true and living God must wholeheartedly believe that there is ONE God and believe He generously rewards those who love and seek Him, obey His commands, and do what is right, fair, and good (Hebrews 11:6; see also Deuteronomy 6:4-6; 1 Chronicles 28:7-9; 2 Chronicles 15:2; Micah 6:6-8; Zephaniah 2:3; 1 John 3:5-6; 3 John 1:11). The LORD God is pleased with our goodness, honesty, and blamelessness lives (e.g. see Genesis 17:1; 1 Chronicles 29:17-19).

What is faith? According to Hebrews 11, faith is the confident assurance and expectation that something we want is going to happen (see Hebrews 11:1). Even more, faith is the certainty that what we hope for is waiting for us, even though we cannot see it up ahead (Hebrews 11:1; see also Romans 8:24). Essentially, faith combines both assurance and anticipation. Nevertheless, faith is NOT selfish ambition, “me first,” nor self-serving, but God-centered and others-centered (e.g. see Romans 10:10; 1 Corinthians 13:2). 

Hebrews 11 summarizes the lives and labors of those great men and women of faith found in the Old Testament. By faith, the author of Hebrews notes these great heroes of the Old Testament gained approval from the living LORD God (see Hebrews 11:2).  Their faith in the LORD God Almighty distinguished these Old Testament heroes above the crowd (see Hebrews 11:2). Amazingly, all these men and women of God shared these common characteristics: courage, obedience, goodness, allegiance, faithfulness, and dependence only on the LORD God and His mighty power (Hebrews 11:2, 4, 39; see also e.g., Genesis 6:9, 22; Genesis 17:1; Exodus 40:16; Deuteronomy 18:13)!

First of all, by faith and trust, Abel obeyed the living LORD God of glory and brought an offering that pleased God more than Cain’s offering (Hebrews 11:4; see also Genesis 4:4-8; Proverbs 15:8). Cain and Abel were brothers born of Adam and Eve (see Genesis 4:1-2). The Holy Scriptures teaches that Abel lived righteously and good before the living God and shun evil while his brother Cain lived unrighteous and followed the evil one (Hebrews 11:4; see also Genesis 4:7; Matthew 23:35; 1 John 3:12). Because of Cain’s evil ways, Cain murdered his brother Abel (see Genesis 4:8).

Also, Enoch trusted and lived in ways that pleased the living LORD God Almighty (see Hebrews 11:5). The Holy Scriptures teaches that Enoch walked faithfully with the living LORD God of heaven and earth and lived a life of goodness and righteousness, which pleased God (see Genesis 5:21-24). Because of Enoch’s goodness and righteousness, the LORD God took Enoch away to heaven without dying (Hebrews 11:5; see also Genesis 5:24). Similarly, the living LORD took his faithful prophet Elijah to heaven without seeing death (see 2 Kings 2:11). Amazingly, the Lord Jesus Christ promised that His faithful servants who obeyed His commands would also not see eternal death (e.g., see John 5:24; John 8:51; John 11:26; Hebrews 2:9). 

Noah was another person who lived by faith and obedience in the living LORD God (Hebrews 11:7; see also Genesis 6:13-22). The Holy Scriptures teaches that Noah was a righteous man and the only blameless person living on earth at that time (e.g., see Genesis 6:9; 2 Peter 2:5). Noah walked in close fellowship with the living LORD God, despite all the corruption, injustice, and violence rampant in his world (e.g., see Genesis 6:9, 11-13; Genesis 7:1; 1 Peter 3:20). Because of the world’s corruption and violence, the LORD God decided to destroy the world with devastating floods (e.g., see Genesis 6:17; Genesis 7:4; 2 Peter 2:5). When Noah heard God’s warning about the future, Noah believed the LORD God Almighty and did all that God commanded him even though there was no evidence nor sign of a coming flood (Hebrews 11:7; see also Genesis 6:13, 17, 22; Genesis 7:5, 9, 16). Wasting no time, Noah built the ark and saved his family from death and destruction (Hebrews 11:7; see also Genesis 6:14-16).

Noah’s faith in God was in direct contrast to the sin, corruption and disbelief of the rest of the world (Hebrews 11:7; see also Genesis 6:11-13). The rest of the world refused to obey the living LORD God Almighty and was destroyed by the disastrous floods (Hebrews 11:7; see also 2 Peter 3:5-6). Because of Noah’s faith and obedience to the living LORD God Almighty, Noah became one of those whom God accepted (Hebrews 11:7; see also Genesis 6:17). Even more, the LORD God entered into a lasting covenant with Noah – the Noahic covenant – to never again destroy the world by flooding (see Genesis 6:18; Genesis 9:9-16). Truly, the living LORD God protects His honest, blameless, and righteous people from eternal destruction (e.g., see Psalm 15:1-5; Psalm 37:37-40).

Interestingly, the Lord Jesus used Noah’s story to warn people to be ready for His return at the coming end of the age – the Eschaton (see Matthew 24:36-42). The Lord Jesus taught that His return will be like Noah’s day (see Matthew 24:37). In Noah’s days before the great flood, the people were enjoying banquets, parties, and weddings right up to the time Noah entered his boat with his family and the animals (see Matthew 24:38; Luke 17:26). Jesus declared that the people did not realize what was going to happen until the flood came and swept them all away (see Genesis 7:7-23; Matthew 24:39; Luke 17:27). Similarly, Jesus declared His return would also occur while the people are enjoying banquets, parties, and weddings (see Matthew 24:39). Jesus warned EVERYONE to live good, righteous, and blameless lives because His return would come without warning and when least expected (see Matthew 24:40-48).

Abraham also lived by faith in the living God (see Hebrews 11:8-12). The LORD God Almighty appeared to Abraham when he was seventy-five years old and instructed Abraham to leave his homeland of Ur of the Chaldeans, which was beyond the Euphrates River or the Mesopotamian region, to go to Canaan, a land that He promised to give Abraham as an inheritance (Hebrews 11:8; see also Genesis 11:31; Genesis 12:1-4, 7; Genesis 15:7; Joshua 24:2; Acts 7:2-4). Abraham obeyed God’s voice, and he went to the distant land even though he did not know where he was going (Hebrews 11:8; see also Joshua 24:3; Nehemiah 9:7).

When Abraham reached God’s promised land, Abraham lived in tents like a mere alien or foreigner as did his sons, Isaac and Jacob (Hebrews 11:9; see also Genesis 12:8; Genesis 13:3, 8; Genesis 18:1, 9; Acts 7:5-6). The living LORD God Almighty also gave Abraham’s sons Isaac and Jacob the same promise He gave His servant Abraham (Hebrews 11:9; see also Genesis 13:14-17; Genesis 17:19; Genesis 22:17; Genesis 26:24; Genesis 28:12-16). As a history lesson, Abraham became the father of Isaac, and Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob (later renamed Israel) became father of the twelve patriarchs (the twelve tribes of Israel) (see Genesis 21:2-4; Genesis 25:26; Genesis 29:31-35; Genesis 30:5-24; Genesis 35:18, 23-26; Acts 7:8).

While living, Abraham nor his sons Isaac and Jacob receive their promised inheritance of Canaan, the promised land (Hebrews 11:9; see also Acts 7:5). Yet, God promised to give the promised land to Abraham’s descendant (see Genesis 12:7; Genesis 13:15; Genesis 17:8). Abraham obeyed God’s voice and accepted His promises, and the living God declared Abraham righteous (see Genesis 15:1-6; Habakkuk 2:2-4; Romans 1:16-17). The Holy Scriptures teaches that Abraham was confidently waiting for the heavenly city – Mount Zion or the heavenly Jerusalem – that real foundations was planned and built by the LORD God Almighty (Hebrews 11:10; see also Galatians 4:26; Hebrews 12:22; Hebrews 13:14; Revelation 21:2, 10, 14). Even more, Abraham with jubilant faith looked down the corridors of history and saw the coming Messiah and cheered (see John 8:56).

Abraham’s wife Sarah also had faith in the living LORD God Almighty (see Hebrews 11:11). By faith in the living LORD God Almighty, Sarah received power to conceive a child, despite her old age and her previous barrenness (Hebrews 11:11; see also Genesis 11:30; Genesis 18:11-14). Abraham was also old (Hebrews 11:12; see also Genesis 17:17; Romans 4:19). Against all hope, Abraham and Sarah by faith believed in the LORD God Almighty (e.g., see Romans 4:13, 18, 21). Abraham and Sarah never wavered in believing God’s promise, but their faith grew stronger, and in this they brought glory to God (see Romans 4:20). Both Abraham and Sarah realized that the LORD God Almighty, who gave them His promise, would certainly do what He said (Hebrews 11:9, 12; see also Genesis 21:2; Romans 4:21). Nothing is too hard for the LORD God Almighty, and He is faithful to keep all His promises (e.g., see Genesis 18:14; Matthew 19:26; 1 Corinthians 1:9; Hebrews 10:23).

Because of Abraham and Sarah’s faith and hope in the living LORD God Almighty, a whole nation came from Abraham and Sarah (Hebrews 11:12; see also Genesis 17:4-6; Romans 4:18-19). This nation from Abraham and Sarah now has so many millions of people that, like the stars of the sky and the sand on the ocean shores, there is no way to count them (Hebrews 11:12; see also Genesis 15:5; Genesis 22:17). Through faith in the living God’s Son Jesus Christ, all believers are grafted into the family of God and become descendants of Abraham (e.g., see John 1:12-13; Romans 4:11, 16; Galatians 3:14, 28-29). 

Moreover, the author of Hebrews teaches that Abraham and Sarah trusted in the LORD God Almighty and His promises even during times of persecution and testing (Hebrews 11:17; see also Genesis 22:1-10). While God was testing him, Abraham was willing to offer up his son Isaac as a sacrifice (Hebrews 11:17; see also James 2:21). Through Isaac, the living God had promised to give Abraham a whole nation of descendants (Hebrews 11:18; see also Romans 9:7). Abraham believed that if Isaac died the LORD God Almighty God would resurrect Isaac back to life (Hebrews 11:19; see also Romans 4:16-21). Because Abraham’s obedience to God’s voice and righteous commands, the living LORD God declared Abraham righteous and promised to bless Abraham and his descendants (see Genesis 22:9-10, 12, 15-18; Genesis 26:5). Yet, the living God also chose our father Abraham so that Abraham will direct his descendants to obey Him and to keep His righteous ways by doing what is right and just (see Genesis 18:18-19; Luke 3:8; John 8:39). Truly, faith in the living God requires a continual obedience to the LORD God Almighty, which ultimately leads to God’s blessings and favor (e.g., see Psalm 119:1-3; Proverbs 11:20)!

By faith, Abraham’s son Isaac believed that the living God would give future blessings to his two sons, Jacob and Esau (Hebrews 11:20; see also Genesis 27:26-40). When Jacob was old and dying, Jacob blessed each of Joseph’s two sons Manasseh and Ephraim as he stood and prayed, leaning on the top of his cane (Hebrews 11:21; see also Genesis 48:1, 5, 16, 20). Amazingly by faith, Jacob’s son Joseph, as he neared the end of his life, looked ahead and confidently spoke of the LORD God Almighty bringing the people of Israel out of Egypt (Hebrews 11:22; see also Genesis 50:24-25; Exodus 13:19). Joseph was so sure that the LORD God Almighty would redeem and save God’s people in the future that he made God’s people promise to carry his bones with them when they entered God’s promised land (Hebrews 11:22; see also Joshua 24:32).

Next, the author of Hebrews teaches the great story of Moses and the Exodus. As the LORD God Almighty previously promised Abraham, Abraham’s descendant grew and multiplied. While living in Egypt, the people of Israel were fruitful and increased greatly; they multiplied and grew exceedingly strong and mighty, so that the land of Egypt was filled with Abraham’s descendants (Exodus 1:7, 9, 20; see also Genesis 12:2; Deuteronomy 26:5; Acts 7:17). Then, the evil Egyptians gave an order to kill the Israelites baby boys at birth to stop God’s multiplication of the Israelite people (Exodus 1:15-16, 22; see also Acts 7:18-19).  

However, Moses and his family had faith in the LORD God Almighty of heaven and earth (see Hebrews 11:23). Moses’ parents disobeyed the evil Egyptian’s order to kill Jewish baby boys and remained faithful to the living LORD God and His people (Hebrews 11:23; see also Exodus 1:15-16, 22; Acts 7:19). The Holy Scriptures teaches that Moses’ parents knew their son was no ordinary child, and they protected their beautiful son Moses for three months from the evil Egyptians (Hebrews 11:23; see also Exodus 2:2-3; Acts 7:20). By God’s grace and sovereignty, Moses’ sister Miriam delivered Moses to Pharaoh’s daughter who adopted Moses, yet Moses’ mother cared for Moses while Moses lived in Pharaoh’s household (Exodus 2:3-10; see also Acts 7:21-22). Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and he was mighty in both his words and deeds (see Acts 7:22). By faith, Moses grew older, and he refused to be treated as the grandson of the Egyptian king (Hebrews 11:24; see also Exodus 2:10-12). Instead, Moses remained faithful to the living LORD God Almighty and God’s people (see Hebrews 11:25).

For Moses faithfulness to the living LORD God, Moses was appointed by the LORD God Almighty ruler and savior of His people Israel (see Acts 7:35). The LORD God performed many wonders and miraculous signs through Moses and Moses led Israel out of Egypt, through the Red Sea, and through the wilderness for forty years (e.g. see, Exodus 11:10; Exodus 12:41; Exodus 14:21, 27-31; Exodus 33:1; Acts 7:36). Importantly, Moses received from the LORD God of Hosts at Mount Sinai the life-giving words (oracles) to give Israel and the world (see Exodus 19:3-6, 17-18; Deuteronomy 32:47; John 1:17; Romans 3:2; Acts 7:38, 53; Hebrews 4:12).  

Amazingly, the writer of Hebrews noted that Moses saw the LORD God’s coming Messiah (Christ) (see Hebrews 11:26). Moses prophesied the coming Jesus as the Great Prophet and Savior whom the LORD God would speak through (see Deuteronomy 18:15, 18-19; Matthew 17:5; Acts 3:22-23, 26; Acts 7:37). Because Moses foresaw the coming Christ, Moses believed it was far better to suffer for the promised Messiah (Christ) than to own all the treasures of Egypt (Hebrews 11:26; see also Luke 14:33; Philippians 3:7-8). As with other faithful servants of the living God, Moses was looking forward to the LORD God’s great rewards in His Son Jesus the Messiah (Hebrews 11:6, 26; see also Matthew 6:33; Hebrews 10:35).

Because Moses trusted in the LORD God Almighty, Moses left Egypt and sought the living LORD God Almighty (Hebrews 11:27; see also Amos 5:4-6). The writer of Hebrews notes that Moses sought the LORD God Almighty, though invisible, as if God was right in front of him (Hebrews 11:13, 27; see also 1 Timothy 1:17). Because Moses believed God would save His people, Moses instructed Israel to kill a lamb and sprinkle the blood on the doorposts of their homes so that God’s terrible Angel of Death could not touch but Passover the oldest child in those homes (Hebrews 11:28; see also Exodus 12:21-30). Even more, Moses instructed God’s people Israel to trust in the LORD God Almighty, and the living God protected His people from the dangerous Red Sea as though they were on the dry ground (Hebrews 11:29; see also Exodus 14:21-30).  

Moreover, the writer of Hebrews notes that by faith in the LORD God Almighty the Israelites destroyed the walls of Jericho after they walked around the Jericho walls seven days as God had commanded (Hebrews 11:30; see also Joshua 6:15-16, 20). By faith, Rahab believed and obeyed the LORD God Almighty, and the LORD God protected her and her family from destruction (Hebrews 11:31 see also Joshua 6:23-25; James 2:25). However, the writer of Hebrews noted that the disobedient and unbelieving were destroyed (see Hebrews 11:31). Rahab kindly welcomed God’s people into her home and gave God’s people the Israelites shelter (see Joshua 2:1, 8-13). 

In summary, the author of Hebrews noted there were many other faithful servants of God, such as Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel and all the other great prophets such as Elijah, Elisha, Jeremiah, and Daniel (Hebrews 11:32; e.g., see Judges 4:6; Judges 6:11; Judges 13:24; Judges 11:1; 1 Samuel 1:20; 1 Samuel 16:1, 13). These faithful servants obeyed and trusted in the living LORD God Almighty and His power and as a result they won battles, conquered kingdoms, ruled their people well, escaped death by the sword, shut the mouths of lions, overcame sickness, defeated their enemies, and raised the dead to life (Hebrews 11:33-35 see also e.g., see Judges 14:5-6; 1 Samuel 17:34-37, 45-47, 50-51; 2 Samuel 5:17-20; 2 Samuel 8:1-6; 2 Samuel 12:29; 1 Kings 17:22; 2 Kings 4:35; Daniel 3:23-25; Daniel 6:22).

Yet, the author of Hebrews also noted that some of God’s faithful servants were tortured, beaten to death, and unjustly imprisoned, not accepting release, so that they might gain a better resurrection and life with the God of glory (see Hebrews 11:35). Even more, the author of Hebrews stated that some of God’s faithful servants were laughed at, their backs cut open with whips, chained in dungeons, stoned to death, wandered over deserts and mountains, lived in caves, went hungry, suffered mistreatment, and sawed in two (Hebrews 11:36-38 see also Genesis 39:20; 1 Samuel 22:1; 1 Kings 18:4, 13; 1 Kings 19:4, 9-10; 1 Kings 21:13; 1 Kings 22:27; 2 Kings 1:8; 2 Chronicles 24:20-21; Jeremiah 20:2; Jeremiah 26:23; Jeremiah 37:15).

The author of Hebrews proclaims that the world was not worthy of these faithful and obedient servants of God (see Hebrews 11:38). These faithful servants of God sought justice and performed acts of righteousness in the world (Hebrews 11:33; e.g., see 1 Samuel 12:3-4; 2 Samuel 8:15). Even more, these faithful servants of God endured mistreatment rather than give into sin, evil, and wickedness (see Hebrews 11:25, 37). Most important, these faithful servants of God continually trusted and obeyed the living LORD God of glory and His righteous commands (see Hebrews 11:37). Even in their weaknesses, these servants of God were made strong by their faith in the LORD God Almighty (see Hebrews 11:34). Because of their continual faith in God, these faithful servants gained God’s approval (see Hebrews 11:2, 39).

Nevertheless, none of these faithful men and women received all that God had promised them for they all knew even better rewards were prepared for them in God’s Kingdom (see Hebrews 11:16, 39-40). These great men and women of faith listed in Hebrews 11 died without ever receiving all in hand that God had promised them, but they continued to believe in the LORD God Almighty (Hebrews 11:2, 13, 39; see also Acts 7:4-5). These faithful men and women of God saw God’s promises including Jesus Christ awaiting them in the distance and were glad (Hebrews 11:13; see also Acts 7:52). The Holy Scriptures teaches that our father Abraham, the prophet Moses, and many other great prophets and righteous servants of the Old Testament saw in a distance the coming Messiah (e.g., see Matthew 13:17; Luke 10:24; John 8:56; Hebrews 11:26; 1 Peter 1:10-12). These great Old Testament heroes persevered, endured, and continually looked by faith and trust to the eternal yet invisible LORD God Almighty and their heavenly home (Hebrews 11:10, 27; see also Acts 7:55-56; Romans 1:20; 1 Timothy 1:17).

Even more, these faithful men and women of God all knew that this earth was not their real home, but that they were only aliens, exiles, and foreigners here on earth (Hebrews 11:13; see also 1 Peter 2:11). These faithful men and women of God were looking forward to their real home in heaven – the Kingdom of God (Hebrews 11:14; see also Matthew 6:33; Ephesians 2:19). Thus, these faithful men and women of God did not focus on the temporary pleasures of this world, but they placed their whole hearts, desires, and minds towards the heavenly Kingdom, where the living LORD God had made a heavenly home and serving others (Hebrews 11:10, 15-16; see also Ecclesiastes 5:10-11; Matthew 6:33; Matthew 13:4-7, 18-22; Matthew 25:34; John 14:1-3; Romans 12:1-2; 2 Timothy 4:6-8, 18; James 4:4; 1 John 2:15-17). Similarly, the Apostle Paul also instructed believers of Jesus to stay focus continually on heaven while doing everything on earth for God’s glory and honor (e.g., see 1 Corinthians 10:31; Colossians 3:1-2, 17).

Therefore, the author of Hebrews reminds believers of Jesus we are never alone, but we are surrounded by a huge crowd of faithful servants of God (Hebrews 12:1 see also Hebrews 11:1-40). Consequently, the writer of Hebrews encourages all God’s people to continually live by faith in the LORD God and His power and continually turn away from sinfulness, evil, and selfishness (Hebrews 12:1 see also Romans 13:12; Ephesians 4:22). Even more, the writer of Hebrews encourages God’s people to endure any hardships and trials and run with endurance and perseverance the race God has set before us (Hebrews 12:1 see also John 16:31-33; 1 Corinthians 9:24; Hebrews 10:36).

Most importantly, the author of Hebrews encourages all believers of Jesus to stay faithful and keep our eyes and hearts on the LORD God and His Son, the Lord Jesus of glory (Hebrews 12:2 see also Psalm 25:15). When we take our hearts and eyes off the Lord Jesus of glory and focus on our surrounding problems, we will sink and fell (e.g., see Matthew 14:28-31). The Lord Jesus Christ is the Source, Completer, and Perfecter of our great faith (Hebrews 12:2 see also Hebrews 2:10). Therefore, we must ALWAYS live by trusting and looking upon the Lord Jesus and not by the stressful circumstances surrounding us here on earth (e.g. see, 2 Corinthians 4:18; 2 Corinthians 5:7).

Even more, the Lord Jesus is our example in suffering. Because of the heavenly joy awaiting Him in His Father’s Kingdom, the Lord Jesus courageously endured hatred, persecutions, and misfortunes and continually trusted in His Father and His Father’s power (Hebrews 12:2-3 see also Isaiah 53:3, 11; Luke 24:26; Philippians 2:8-9; Hebrews 2:9). Most important, Jesus kept His eyes and heart on His Father’s Kingdom (see Hebrews 12:2). Now, the Lord Jesus is living in His Father’s glorious heavenly Kingdom at His Father’s right hand (Hebrews 12:3; see also Mark 16:19; Acts 7:55-56; Hebrews 1:3).

Therefore, the author of Hebrews encourages all believers of Jesus not to become weary but continually do what is right and good in the world for God’s glory and honor (Hebrews 12:3 see also Matthew 10:22; 1 Corinthians 10:30; 1 Corinthians 15:58; Galatians 6:9-10; 1 Timothy 6:18; 2 Thessalonians 3:13)! IF WE LOOK TO JESUS, YOU WILL WIN (see Hebrews 13:5)!

The New Way

¹⁹ And so, dear brothers and sisters, we can boldly enter heaven’s Most Holy Place because of the blood of Jesus. ²⁰ By His death, Jesus opened a new and life-giving way through the curtain into the Most Holy Place…. ²⁴ Let us think of ways to motivate (stir up, stimulate, promote) one another to acts of love and good works. ²⁵ And let us not neglect our meeting together, as some people do, but encourage one another, especially now that the day of His return is drawing near…. ³⁵ So do not throw away this confident trust in the Lord. Remember the great reward it brings you! ³⁶ Patient endurances is what you need now, so that you will continue to do God’s will. Then you will receive all that He has promised. Hebrews 10:19-20, 24-25, 35-36, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

The unknown author of Hebrews encourages everyone to always love, hope in, and follow the Lord Jesus Christ (Hebrews 10:23, 35-36; see also e.g., Hebrews 3:6, 12-14; Hebrews 6:11-12; Hebrews 12:14-17). The Lord Jesus Christ gives all people through faith in Him and His sacrificial blood salvation (redemption, recovery, and restoration), God’s heavenly rewards, and a better way of life now and for eternity (Hebrews 5:9; Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 9:12; Hebrews 10:35-36; see also Mark 10:29-31; Titus 2:14). Wholehearted faith and obedience in the Lord Jesus Christ transforms and cleanses our lives and hearts by the life-giving Holy Spirit and make us ALL NEW with a willing and obedient heart for Jesus’ Father, the living LORD God of heaven and earth (Hebrews 8:10; Hebrews 9:14; Hebrews 10:16, 22; see also John 3:3-8; 1 Corinthians 6:11; 2 Corinthians 5:17; 1 John 1:7).

The Lord Jesus Christ came to earth the first time – First Coming or Advent – to establish a new covenant relationship between the living LORD God and humanity by giving EVERYONE (Jews and Gentiles) through faith in Him all God’s rewards (graces) and to deliver (free) us from evil and the power of sin by His sacrificial death on Calvary’s Cross (Hebrews 2:14; Hebrews 7:22; Hebrews 8:6, 8-12; Hebrews 9:15; Hebrews 10:5-7, 15-18, 35; Hebrews 12:24; see also Jeremiah 31:31-33; Matthew 1:21; Matthew 26:28; John 1:14, 16; Luke 22:20; John 8:36; 1 John 3:5). At His First Coming to earth – the Incarnation, the Lord Jesus Christ willingly gave His sinless life and precious blood as a final and complete sacrifice to His Father, the living LORD God of heaven and earth, to expiate and atone for all our sins (Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 9:12, 26, 28; Hebrews 10:12, 14, 17-18; see also Isaiah 53:12; Mark 10:45; Romans 3:24-25; Romans 5:6; 1 Peter 3:18; Revelation 5:9). Through our faith and obedience in the Lord Jesus Christ, we have been forgiven, being made holy (sanctification), and adopted into Almighty God’s eternal Kingdom (Hebrews 2:11; Hebrews 10:10, 14, 29; Hebrews 13:12; see also Luke 8:21; John 1:12-13; John 17:19).

Thus, the Lord Jesus Christ’s sacrificial death cancelled the Old Testament sacrifice system contained in the ceremonial law but NOT God’s moral law (e.g., the Ten Commandments) (see Hebrews 8:13; Hebrews 9:15; Hebrews 10:9). As to God’s moral law, the living LORD God has now placed His moral law in our hearts by the Holy Spirit when we trusted and believed in His Son Jesus Christ, which means the “Anointed One” or “Messiah” (Hebrews 8:8-12; Hebrews 10:16; see also Jeremiah 31:31-34; 2 Corinthians 3:3; 1 John 2:27). Our faith in the Lord Jesus Christ permanently removes ALL our sins and transforms our hearts and minds by the Holy Spirit for God’s glory (see Hebrews 9:14; Hebrews 10:17-18). Even more, the Lord Jesus Christ anoints faithful believers in Him with God’s Holy Spirit to teach believers God’s truths and obedience (e.g., see John 14:26; 1 John 2:20-25, 27).

Because of the Lord Jesus Christ’s final and complete blood sacrifices for our sins, believers in Him have access and may walk into His Father’s Presence and find the living LORD God’s mercy and grace in the time of need (Hebrews 4:16; Hebrews 10:19; see also Ephesians 2:15-16, 18; Ephesians 3:12). At the Lord Jesus’ death, the massive thick curtain in the Temple was ripped in two that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place (see Matthew 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45). The Lord Jesus Christ gives ALL BELIEVERS IN HIM a new and life-giving way into the very Presence of the living LORD God of heaven and earth with His sacrificial death on Calvary’s Cross (Hebrews 10:20; see also John 10:9; John 14:6). As our GREAT High Priest, the Lord Jesus Christ now rules over the living LORD God’s household – the true people of God, the Church (Hebrews 10:21; see also Hebrews 2:17; Hebrews 3:6; Hebrews 4:14). Therefore, faithful and obedient believers of the Lord Jesus Christ can come into His Father’s Presence because we believers have been made clean, washed, and made holy by Jesus’ blood and the Holy Spirit (Hebrews 9:14; Hebrews 10:22; see also 1 Corinthians 6:11; Titus 3:5).

In response for all the Lord Jesus Christ has done for believers, the unknown author of Hebrews encourages believers to be filled with good deeds and continually love and encourage to one another (Hebrews 3:13; Hebrews 10:24-25; Hebrews 13:1; see also Ephesians 2:10; Titus 2:14; Titus 3:8). The Lord Jesus Christ’s clearest command to His people was to love one another (e.g., see Matthew 22:34-40; John 13:34-35) because our sincere love for one another reveals our genuine love for God (e.g., see Romans 12:10; 1 Peter 1:22; 1 Peter 2:17; 1 Peter 3:8; 1 John 3:10; 1 John 4:7, 20-21). Even more, the writer of Hebrews encourages believers not neglect our church meetings and regular attendance as the Lord Jesus Christ’s return draws closer with each passing day (Hebrews 10:25, 37; see also Acts 2:42).  

Most importantly, the writer of Hebrews encourages everyone not to continue the life of intentional and deliberate sin and disobedience (see Hebrews 10:26). Our continual and deliberate sinfulness blasphemes and saddens the living LORD God, His Son Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit and cuts off such person from God’s Presence and grace (Hebrews 10:29; see also e.g., Numbers 15:30-31; Proverbs 13:13; Proverbs 19:16; Ephesians 4:30). The Holy Spirit brings God’s grace and mercy to His people (see Hebrews 10:29). Our deliberate and intentional sinfulness trample underfoot the Son of God and treated His cleansing blood as though it were common and unhallowed (see Hebrews 10:29). The Lord Jesus Christ died for our sins and freed us from the power of the evil one (e.g., see Romans 3:24-25; Romans 4:25; Romans 5:6, 8; Ephesians 5:2; 1 John 2:2). Through our faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, you have been given a salvation, God’s graces, and a foretaste of heaven by the Holy Spirit (e.g. see Hebrews 6:5).

For if we deliberately sin after receiving the truth about Jesus Christ and a holy life, there no longer remains a sacrifice for your sins and the only thing left is doomed to the blackest darkness with fire and God’s wrath (Hebrews 10:26-27; see also Ezekiel 18:24; Matthew 12:45; Hebrews 6:4-6; 2 Peter 2:17, 20-22). Even worse, our continued and deliberate sinfulness rejects the Lord Jesus Christ and His final sacrifice for your sins and re-crucifies Christ to Calvary’s Cross (e.g., see Hebrews 6:6). Remember, it is sin to know you ought to do right and then not do good but evil (e.g., see Luke 12:47-48; John 9:41; James 4:17). To deliberately reject God’s goodness and grace, grieves God’s Holy Spirit and leaves nothing but God’s wrath and punishments (Hebrews 6:8; Hebrews 10:26-27, 29-31; see also Romans 11:22; 2 Thessalonians 1:7-8). Truly, it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living LORD God (see Hebrews 10:31).

Therefore, the author of Hebrews encouraged everyone to faithfully love and worship the Lord Jesus Christ and never to forget His loving sacrifices for our sins, even during times of intense suffering and persecution (see Hebrews 10:32-35). Truly, the living LORD God Almighty brings His blessings and graces now and for eternity for faithful and obedient believers in His Son, the Lord Jesus Christ (Hebrews 10:34-35; see also Matthew 5:12; Revelation 21:1-22:21). The author of Hebrews encouraged believers of Jesus to endure hardship, to keep on patiently doing God’s goodwill, and NEVER turn away from faithfully following and loving the Lord Jesus Christ (Hebrews 10:36, 38; see also Romans 2:7). Everyone who endures and remains faithful to the Lord Jesus Christ to the end shall be saved and gain life (Hebrews 10:39; see also e.g., Matthew 10:22; Matthew 24:13; Mark 13:13; Luke 21:19; James 5:11; Hebrews 3:6). Through our faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, we have been made righteous and saved in the living LORD God’s eyes (Hebrews 10:38-39; see also Romans 1:16-17; 1 Corinthians 1:30). The living LORD God takes now pleasure in those who shrink back and turn away from His Son Jesus (see Hebrews 10:38).

With each passing day, the Lord Jesus Christ’s coming draws closer (see Hebrews 10:37). At His Second Coming – Parousia, the Lord Jesus Christ will not come to deal again with our sins but to bring His eternal salvation and inheritance to everyone who patiently endured trials and faithfully obeyed Him (Hebrews 9:28; see also Titus 2:13). With all confidence and assurance, the Lord Jesus Christ will return in His Father’s glory with His holy angels, and then He will reward each person according to what they have done – good and bad (e.g., see Daniel 7:10, 13; Matthew 16:27; Matthew 24:30; John 14:3; Acts 1:11; Jude 1:14; Revelation 1:7; Revelation 22:7, 12, 20). The living LORD God has appointed everyone to die once, and after our death ALL PEOPLE must face the living God and His Son Jesus in final judgment (Hebrews 9:27; see also 2 Corinthians 5:10).

References

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

Zondervan NIV Study Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Jesus Is Better!

¹⁶ Jesus became a priest, not by meeting the physical requirement of belonging to the tribe of Levi, but by the power of a Life that cannot be destroyed….  ²⁴ But because Jesus lives forever, His Priesthood lasts forever. ²⁵ Therefore He (Jesus) is able, once and forever, to save those who come to God through Him. He lives forever to intercede (petition, mediate) with God on their behalf. ²⁶ He is the kind of High Priest we need because He is holy and blameless, unstained by sin. He has been set apart from sinners and has been given the highest place of honor in heaven. ²⁷ Unlike those other high priests, He does not need to offer sacrifices every day. They (other high priests) did this for their own sins first and then for the sins of the people. But Jesus did this once for all when He offered Himself as the sacrifice for the people’s sins. ²⁸ The Law appointed high priests who were limited by human weakness. But after the Law was given, God appointed His Son with an oath, and His Son has been made the perfect High Priest forever. Hebrews 7:16, 24-28, New Living Translation 2nd Edition

In Hebrews chapters 7 through 10, the unknown author of Hebrews explains why Jesus is BETTER than the Old Testament priesthood and Old Testament system of gifts and sacrifices. The Lord Jesus’ coming brought a BETTER or new covenant relationship between His Father, the living LORD God of heaven and earth, and ALL PEOPLE (e.g., see Hebrews 7:22; Hebrews 8:13). During His public ministry, the Lord Jesus announced His coming to earth was NOT to destroy nor cancel the Law of Moses and the Prophets but to fulfill the Law and the Prophets (Matthew 5:17; see also Luke 24:25-27, 44-47; Romans 3:31). The Lord Jesus proclaimed like His Father the living LORD God that until heaven and earth pass away the Law and the Prophets will continue until the Law and the Prophets’ purposes are achieved and fulfilled at His Second Coming – Eschaton or End of the Age (Matthew 5:18; see also Psalm 119:89; Isaiah 40:8; Isaiah 55:11; Luke 16:17).

With the Lord Jesus’ first coming, the living LORD God appointed His Son our only perfect and eternal High Priest (Hebrews 7:15-16; see also Hebrews 3:1; Hebrews 7:11, 15, 17, 21, 24, 26; Hebrews 8:1; Hebrews 9:11). As our GREAT High Priest, the resurrected Jesus lives and reigns FOREVER (Hebrews 7:17, 20-21, 24-25, 28, see also Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 5:6, 10; Hebrews 6:20; 1 Peter 2:22). Now, the old system of priesthood based on the Levitical family lines with its various gifts and sacrifices have been set aside and canceled by the living LORD God because of His Son Jesus appointment as High Priest and Jesus’ final sacrifice to save the world from sin (Hebrews 7:11, 18, 25, 27; see also Romans 7:4-6; Romans 10:4; 2 Corinthians 3:7-11; Galatians 3:23-25; Hebrews 10:9-10).

Sadly, the old system did not work to remove our sins and declare us right with God permanently (Hebrews 7:11; Hebrews 9:9; see also Romans 3:20; Hebrews 10:11). This old priesthood system with its gifts and sacrifices were weak, powerless, and faulty for permanently saving and removing people’s sins (Hebrews 7:11-12, 18; Hebrews 8:7; see also Romans 8:3). Even more, the old priesthood system with its gifts and sacrifices never made anyone permanently right and reconciled with God (Hebrews 7:18-19; see also Galatians 2:16; Hebrews 9:9; Hebrews 10:1).

Under the old system, the sacrifices and gifts only temporarily cleansed the people’s sins (see Hebrews 9:13; Hebrews 10:4; e.g., see, Leviticus 16:14-16; Numbers 19:2, 17-18). Under the old covenant, the priest stood and ministered before the living LORD God day after day, offering repeatedly the same sacrifices again and again, which were powerless and weak to took away one’s sins and bring permanent forgiveness (Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 10:1, 4, 11; see also Micah 6:6-7; Romans 8:3; Hebrews 5:1; Hebrews 9:9). Essentially, the old priesthood and sacrificial system were only a copy, shadow, and a foretaste of the BETTER things to come with our Lord Jesus Christ (Hebrews 8:5; Hebrews 9:11; Hebrews 10:1; see also Exodus 25:40; Colossians 2:17).

However, the living LORD God has provided a far BETTER hope, BETTER promises (covenant), and BETTER Priesthood through His Son Jesus (Hebrews 7:19, 22, 28; see also Hebrews 8:6). First of all, the Lord Jesus Christ makes EVERYONE acceptable, perfect, and righteous with His Father, the living LORD God, through faith in Him (Hebrews 7:19; see also Romans 3:24, 28; Romans 5:1; Ephesians 2:5, 8-9). Through our faith in Jesus, ANYONE, not just priests, can now draw near to the living LORD God of heaven and earth and find God’s grace and mercy (Hebrews 7:19, 25; see also John 14:6; Hebrews 4:16).

Best of all, the resurrected Jesus Christ saves completely, permanently, once and forever, ALL who repent and come to His Father, the living LORD God, through wholehearted faith in Him (Hebrews 7:25; Hebrews 10:12; see also Luke 24:47; John 14:6; Acts 2:38; Acts 5:31; Acts 13:38-39). Truly, salvation is found in no one else other than Jesus our Lord and Savior (e.g., see Matthew 1:21; John 14:6; Acts 4:12; Acts 10:43)! Essentially, the Lord Jesus became the Source of salvation now and for all eternity for EVERYONE who REPENT and TURN AWAY from sin and TRUST and OBEY Him (Hebrews 5:9; see also Acts 20:21, 24; Acts 26:15-18, 20, Romans 6:1-2, 11, 13; 1 Corinthians 15:34; Titus 2:12; 1 Peter 2:24). Even more, the Lord Jesus assures all believers (disciples) who call on His Name in REPENTANCE and OBEDIENCE permanent forgiveness of sins with His Father, the living God (e.g., see Luke 8:21; Luke 24:47; Acts 2:38; Acts 4:12; Acts 5:31; Acts 10:34-35; 43; Acts 13:38-39). Through our continual faith and obedience, Jesus Christ gives EVERYONE salvation FOREVER (e.g., see Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 9:12). As God who became flesh – Divine, the Lord Jesus guarantees our forgiveness, reconciliation, and acceptance with His Father, the living God, when we trust and believe in Him (e.g., see John 1:1-2, 4, 12-13, 14; John 3:15-17, 36; John 14:6; Acts 10:43).

The Lord Jesus our Savior died and gave His life for ALL PEOPLE to bring God’s salvation (restoration, redemption, and renewal) both now and for eternity for all who believe and trust in Him (e.g., see Matthew 20:28; Romans 4:25; 2 Corinthians 5:14-15, 17-18; Hebrews 9:28). The living LORD God of heaven and earth was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself and no longer counting people’s sins against them through faith in His Son (e.g., see 2 Corinthians 5:19). The living LORD God made His Son Jesus, who never sinned, to become our perfect sacrifice and offering for our sins, so that we could be made right with Him through our faith in His Son Jesus (e.g., see Romans 8:3; 1 Corinthians 1:30; 2 Corinthians 5:21; 1 Peter 1:18-19; 1 Peter 2:24; 1 John 3:5).

Therefore, the Lord Jesus is exactly the kind of High Priest ALL PEOPLE need (see Hebrews 7:26). The Lord Jesus is holy, pure, and blameless, and unstained by sin and sinners (Hebrews 7:26, 28; see also Hebrews 4:15; 1 Peter 2:22). Consequently, the living LORD God has given His Son, the resurrected Jesus, the place of highest honor in heaven (Hebrews 7:26; see also Hebrews 4:14).

As the sinless sacrifice, the Lord Jesus never needs to offer the daily blood of animal sacrifices, as other priests did, to cover over first their own sins and then the sins of the people (Hebrews 7:27; see also Hebrews 5:3). Under the old system, the Law appointed high priests who were limited by human weaknesses and sins, and these men could not keep themselves from doing sin and wrong (Hebrews 7:28; see also Hebrews 5:2). The resurrected Jesus finished and ended all such sacrifices, once and for all, when He entered the heavenly Tabernacle (Tent of Meeting) and sacrificed Himself for our sins and the sins of the whole world once and forever (Hebrews 7:27; see also John 1:29; Hebrews 9:12, 28; 1 Peter 2:24). The Lord Jesus as our High Priest offered Himself to God as a single sacrifice for sins, good for all time (see Hebrews 10:12, 14). Through our faith in the Lord Jesus’ sacrifice, we as believers are declared holy (sanctified), righteous, and perfect in His Father’s eyes (Hebrews 5:9; Hebrews 10:10, 14; see also e.g., 1 Corinthians 1:30; 2 Corinthians 5:21). Because Jesus died once for all, He brought the priesthood and sacrificial system to an end (e.g., see Hebrews 7:18-19). Through His sacrificial death, Jesus brought in a better covenant – new covenant – for the permanent forgiveness of sins (e.g., see Matthew 26:28; Luke 22:20).

However, the living LORD God has appointed His Son Jesus, who is perfect and sinless, as our GREAT High Priest FOREVER (Hebrews 5:5-6, 9-10; Hebrews 6:20; Hebrews 7:17, 21, 24; 28; see also Psalm 2:7; Psalm 110:4). At His resurrection from complete death on Easter, the Lord Jesus ascended to the great and perfect Tabernacle in heaven to become our High Priest at the throne of grace FOREVER (e.g., see Isaiah 9:7; Hebrews 1:2; Hebrews 4:14-16; Hebrews 7:21, 28; Hebrews 9:11). Since the resurrected Jesus lives forever, He is always at His Father’s right hand making continual intercessions before His Father for us and to remind His Father the living God that He has paid for our sins with His precious blood (Hebrews 7:25; see also Mark 16:19; Romans 8:34; Hebrews 9:24; 1 John 2:1). No Old Testament priest ministered to God forever because each priest died and surrendered the office to his successor (e.g., see Hebrews 7:23-24). However, the Lord Jesus did not appoint Himself as High Priest, but He was appointed by His Father, the living LORD God of heaven and earth – Yahweh – by His oath (Hebrews 7:17, 21, 28; see also Hebrews 5:5-6, 9-10).

In summary and to make clear why Jesus is BETTER, the writer of Hebrews explains that the resurrected Jesus Christ is our GREAT High Priest (Hebrews 8:1; see also Hebrews 2:17-18; Hebrews 3:1). The resurrected Jesus lives in heaven at the place of greatest and highest honor at the right hand of His Majestic Father, the living LORD God – Yahweh (Hebrews 8:1; see also Mark 16:19; Ephesians 1:20; Colossians 3:1; Hebrews 1:3; Hebrews 8:1; Hebrews 12:2; 1 Peter 3:22). In heaven, the resurrected Jesus ministers, petitions, and intercedes for faithful believers to His Father in the heavenly Tabernacle (Hebrews 8:2; see also Romans 8:34; Hebrews 4:14; Hebrews 9:24). The heavenly Tabernacle is the true place of worship built by the Lord and not by human hands (Hebrews 8:2; see also Exodus 33:7; Hebrews 9:11).

And since every high priest of God is appointed to offer gifts and sacrifices, the resurrected Jesus must make an offering too (Hebrews 8:3; see also Hebrews 5:1). The sacrifice of the resurrected Jesus offers far BETTER than those provided by the earthly priests (see Hebrews 8:4). With His own blood — not the blood of goats and calves, the Lord Jesus entered the Most Holy Place in the heavenly Tabernacle once for all time and secured all faithful believers’ redemption, righteousness, and deliverance not temporarily as the old system but FOREVER (Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 9:11, 24; Hebrews 10:10; see also Acts 20:28; Romans 4:25; 1 Corinthians 6:20). The Lord Jesus’ sacrificial death and resurrection purchased our salvation FOREVER (e.g., see Romans 5:6, 8; Galatians 2:20). For by the power of the eternal Spirit, Jesus Christ offered Himself to His Father the living LORD God as a perfect sacrifice for our sins once and for all (Hebrews 9:14; see also Ephesians 5:2).

Importantly, the living LORD God has given His Son the resurrected Jesus a BETTER and new covenant (testament, agreement, or promises) that He makes available to ALL PEOPLE through faith in His Son Jesus (Hebrews 7:22; Hebrews 8:6; see also Luke 22:20). This new covenant contains BETTER and more wonderful promises than the old covenant that is mediated by the Lord Jesus (Hebrews 7:22; Hebrews 8:6, 8, 13; Hebrews 9:15; see also 1 Timothy 2:5). The new covenant with the living LORD God mediated by His Son Jesus is not a covenant of written laws, but of the eternal Holy Spirit that brings our new life and righteousness (Hebrews 8:8, 13; e.g., see Jeremiah 31:31-34; John 3:3-8, 15-17, 36; John 6:63; Romans 7:6; 2 Corinthians 3:6, 8-9; 2 Corinthians 5:17).

Through our faith in Jesus, the transforming ministry of the Holy Spirit writes God’s laws in our minds and hearts and gives us new desires and help want to obey the LORD God (Hebrews 8:10; see also Philippians 2:12-13). Under God's new covenant, the living LORD God’s eternal Law is written on our minds and hearts by His Holy Spirit and no longer on external wooden tablets (Hebrews 8:10-11; see also Jeremiah 31:31-34). Now, the Holy Spirit activates our internal hearts, minds, and motives that not only makes us want to obey God but HELPS us to obey God and His righteous laws. Even more, under the new covenant, the living God promises to be merciful and permanently forgive our wrongdoings and remember our sins no more (Hebrews 8:12; see also Hebrews 10:17)!

In the first covenant (Old Testament) between God and His people, there were rules, ordinances, and regulations for worship and there was a sacred Tent (also called Tabernacle) down here on earth where the living God dwelt amongst His people (Hebrews 9:1; see also Exodus 25:8). The living LORD God instructed His servant Moses on Mount Sinai to designed and construct the earthly Tabernacle exactly as the heavenly Tabernacle (Hebrews 8:2, 5; see also e.g., Exodus 25:8-9, 40; Exodus 26:30; Exodus 27:8; Exodus 39:32, 42-43; Numbers 8:4; Acts 7:44). The sacred Tent was later replaced by the Temple built by Solomon (First Temple) (see 1 Kings 5:1-9:10; 2 Chronicles 2-7). Then Solomon’s Temple was destroyed by the Babylonians (see 2 Kings 25:817), and then the Jews returning from Babylonian exile rebuilt the Jerusalem Temple  (Second Temple) (see Ezra 6:14-16).

Inside the Tabernacle and later the Temple, there were two rooms separated by large and heavy curtains that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place (Hebrews 9:2; see also Exodus 26:1, 33). The first one room was called the Holy Place (sanctuary), and the Holy Place contained the golden candlestick and a table with special loaves of holy bread upon this table (see Hebrews 9:2). Then, there was a curtain, and behind the second large and heavy curtain was a room called the Holy of Holies – the Most Holy Place, Holiest of all (Hebrews 9:3; see also Exodus 26:31-33; Exodus 40:3, 21). Inside the Holy of Holies, there were a golden incense-altar and the golden chest, called the Ark of the Covenant (Hebrews 9:4; see also Exodus 26:31-33; Exodus 40:3, 21; Revelation 11:19).

The Ark of the Covenant was completely covered on all sides with pure gold (Hebrews 9:4; see also Exodus 25:10-22; Exodus 30:1-5). Inside the Ark of the Covenant was the tablets of stone with the Ten Commandments of God, a golden jar with some manna (heavenly bread), and Aaron’s wooden cane that budded in the wilderness (Hebrews 9:4; see also Exodus 16:33-34; Exodus 25:16, 21; Exodus 40:20; Numbers 17:10-11; Deuteronomy 10:2, 5; 1 Kings 8:9, 21; 2 Chronicles 5:10). Above the Ark of Covenant were statues of angels called the cherubim (Hebrews 9:5; see also Exodus 25:17-19). The cherubim were the guardians of God’s glory, and their wings stretched out over the Ark’s golden cover, which is called the mercy seat (Hebrews 9:5; see also Exodus 25:18-22; Leviticus 16:2; 1 Kings 8:6-7).

Every year, the earthly priests went in and out of the first room without restrictions to perform their daily ministerial duties (Hebrews 9:6; e.g., see, Numbers 18:2-6; Numbers 28:3). However, only the high priest went inside the second inner room, the Holy of Holies and only one time a year on the Day of Atonement (Hebrews 9:7; see also Exodus 30:10; Leviticus 16:15, 34; Hebrews 10:3). On the Day of Atonement, only the high priest entered the Holy of Holies (Hebrews 9:7; see also Leviticus 16:11-19).  The high priest always entered the Holy of Holies with blood that he sprinkled on the mercy seat as an offering to God to cover his own mistakes and sins and the errors and unintentional sins of the people (Hebrews 9:7; see also Hebrews 5:2-3).

Under the old covenant system, the common people could never go into the Holy of Holies (see Hebrews 9:8). Also, under the old covenant system, the priests and the people offered their gifts and sacrifices to God, but these gifts and sacrifices never cleansed the people’s hearts (Hebrews 9:9; see also Hebrews 7:19). Moreover, the old system dealt only with various external rituals, ceremonies, and food restrictions (Hebrews 9:10; see also Leviticus 11).

However, the resurrected Jesus has now come as our GREAT High Priest with a good and better system (Hebrews 9:11; see also Hebrews 2:17). The resurrected Jesus went into that perfect heavenly Tabernacle not made with human hands (Hebrews 9:11; see also John 2:19). Inside the heavenly Tabernacle, the resurrected Jesus has provided a final sacrifice – His body – inside the Holy of Holies and sprinkled the mercy seat with His own blood (Hebrews 9:12, 24, 26, 28; see also Hebrews 7:27). With His own blood, the resurrected Jesus obtained believers’ eternal redemption (salvation) FOREVER (Hebrews 9:12; see also Romans 3:25).

As mentioned earlier in the old system, only the high priest could “draw near” to God, and that only once a year when he entered the curtained-off Most Holy Place (Hebrews 9:7; see also Exodus 30:10; Leviticus 16:11-19, 34; Hebrews 10:3). However, the Lord Jesus entered that inner room on our behalf (see Hebrews 6:20; Hebrews 9:11). Before ascending into the heavens, the Lord Jesus destroyed the veil or curtain that separated humanity from the living God and brought humanities’ peace and reconciliation with God through faith in Him (Hebrews 10:19-22; see also Romans 5:1-2). At Lord Jesus’ death, the massive thick curtain in the Temple was ripped in two that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place (see Matthew 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45). The unknown author of Hebrews looked on the miraculously torn curtain in the Temple as symbolic representing EVERYONE’S immediate free access to the living LORD God made possible by Jesus’ sacrificial death on the Cross (Hebrews 9:11-10:22; see also Ephesians 2:15-16, 18). Therefore, EVERYONE can enter the Most Holy Place by our faith in the blood of Jesus, who has opened for ALL BELIEVERS a new and living way to His Father, the living LORD God of heaven and earth (see Hebrews 10:19-20).

Sadly, under the old system, the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of young cows could only temporarily cleanse a person’s body from sin (Hebrews 9:13; see also Hebrews 10:4). However, the sacrificial blood of the resurrected Jesus permanently cleanses our sins (Hebrews 9:14; see also Ephesians 5:2; Titus 2:14; 1 Peter 3:18)!

References

Disciple's Study Bible (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 1988).

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

New Student Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1992).

Zondervan NIV Study Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Do NOT Quit God!

⁹ …. We are confident that you are meant for better things, things that come with salvation. ¹⁰ For God is not unjust. He will not forget (overlook) how hard you have worked for Him and how you have shown your love to Him by caring for other believers (saints), as you still do. ¹¹ Our great desire is that you will keep on loving others as long as life lasts, to make certain that what you hope for will come true. ¹² Then you will not become spiritually dull and indifferent (spiritual sluggards). Instead, you will follow the example of those who are going to inherit God’s promises because of their faith and endurance (patience)…. ¹⁸ So God has given both His promise and His oath. These two things are unchangeable because it is impossible for God to lie (false). Therefore, we who have fled to Him for refuge can have great confidence as we hold to the hope that lies before us. Hebrews 6:9-12, 18, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

In the Person and mission of the Lord Jesus Christ, the fullness of the living LORD and His Kingdom with God’s Holy Spirit, which is the POWER of God, had now come to earth (e.g., see Matthew 3:2, 16-17; Matthew 9:35; Matthew 12:28; Luke 4:43; Acts 2:22; Acts 10:38; Colossians 2:9-10). Because of the Kingdom’s arrival, the Lord Jesus Christ faithfully proclaimed repentance (turning away from sin and turning to His Father the living God) (e.g., Matthew 4:17; Mark 1:14-15; Mark 6:55-56). Faith in God found His Son Jesus Christ brings our GREAT salvation, which means restoration, redemption, and recovery (e.g., Matthew 4:23-25; Mark 1:32-34, 38-41; Hebrews 2:3-5). The Kingdom of God means primarily the rule of God and His divine authority as our true King and Judge on earth and in our whole hearts (e.g., Psalm 103:19; Isaiah 33:21-22; Daniel 4:34; Daniel 6:26; Luke 17:21). Sadly, the evil one and his cronies do not want anyone to receive God’s restoration, redemption, and recovery that comes with faithfully obeying the LORD God and His Word (e.g., see Matthew 13:19; Mark 4:15; Luke 8:12).

The unknown writer of Hebrews wanted all believers to know and understand more about the goodness and power of God’s Kingdom and God’s righteous ways (Hebrews 6:4-5; see also Matthew 5:6; Matthew 6:33). However, the unknown author of Hebrews rebuked and scolded some of his listeners for their sluggishness, apathy, and laziness in the matters of God and His righteousness (Hebrews 5:11-14; Hebrews 6:12; see also Matthew 13:15). These first-century believers had been Christians (followers of Jesus) a long time now and ought to be teaching others about the Good News of Jesus Christ and leading others to God and His Kingdom as commanded by Jesus (Hebrews 5:12; see also Matthew 28:20). However, some of these first-century believers instead were “backsliding” and needed someone to teach them over again the very basic principles in God and His Son Jesus (Hebrews 5:12; see also Hebrews 6:1-3).

The fundamental and basic teachings of utmost importance that EVERYONE must know and understand include:

1.   Repenting (turning) from evil deeds and placing our wholehearted faith in God found in His Son Jesus (e.g., see Acts 2:38-40; Acts 20:21; Hebrews 9:14);

2.   Baptisms that is ritual washing and cleaning rites (e.g., see Acts 19:4-5);

3.   Laying on of hands (the giving of blessing, power, and authority) (e.g., see Acts 6:6; Acts 8:17; Acts 19:6);

4.   Resurrection of the dead (e.g., see Acts 2:24; Acts 17:18, 31-32); and

5.   God’s eternal judgment and punishment (e.g., see Acts 10:42).

The author of Hebrews wanted believers of Jesus to move beyond these elementary teaching and press on towards the living God and His righteous ways (Hebrews 6:1-3; see also Philippians 3:12-14). As we faithfully and obediently live for God, we will become mature and strong Christians for God’s honor and glory (Hebrews 5:13; Hebrews 6:1; see also 1 Corinthians 10:31; Colossians 3:17). Some translations encourage believers to move into “perfection” (e.g., see Hebrews 6:1, KJV).

The writer of Hebrews accused some of his listeners of acting “like babies” who can drink only milk and not solid food and strong meat (Hebrews 5:12; see also 1 Corinthians 3:2). Some biblical translations define “milk” as the first and basic “principles of the oracles of God” (e.g., see Hebrews 5:12, ESV) or “basic principles of God’s revelation” (e.g., see Hebrews 5:12, HCSB). Failure to mature is a serious sin. Our immaturity can lead believers of Jesus to be tossed and blown about by every wind of new teaching and philosophy that sound like God’s truth but are lies and trickery of the evil one (e.g. see 1 Corinthians 14:20; Ephesians 4:14; 1 Peter 2:2; Hebrews 13:9).

Instead, the writer of Hebrews encouraged ALL believers of Jesus to grow into maturity and live according to the righteous and good ways of God and no longer according to worldly and evil ways (Hebrews 5:14; see also e.g., Exodus 34:5-7; Galatians 4:3; Galatians 5:16-18, 22-23; Ephesians 4:15). In other words, the writer of Hebrews wanted believers of Jesus to grow into spiritual maturity and turn away from the childish and immature ways of the world, such as jealous, quarreling, division, selfishness, and hatred (e.g., see also, 1 Corinthians 3:1-3; 1 Corinthians 13:11-13; Galatians 5:19-21; Ephesians 4:13; 1 Peter 2:1-3). The Lord Jesus instructed all people to accept and enter God’s Kingdom with childlike (simple) faith, but not to act and live childish and evil, which ultimately leads to God’s wrath (e.g. Mark Matthew 19:14; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17; see also Romans 11:22). Although the living God “carries us along” to maturity, the living God also expects believers to do their part and not become lazy, slothful, and dull of hearing (Hebrews 5:11-12; see also Hebrews 6:12).

For instance, no farmer reaps a harvest by sitting on the porch looking at the seed. Instead, good farmers are busy plowing, planting, weeding, cultivating, and watering the soil. Similarly, true believers of Jesus will do likewise (e.g., see 1 Corinthians 3:5-23)! However, spiritual maturity comes with (1) patience and endurance, (2) seeking God and obeying His Word, and (3) practicing and doing God’s Word daily (Hebrews 5:12-14).

As we continually grow closer to God, the author of Hebrews explained that believers will gain spiritual maturity, wisdom, good judgment, and insight to discern and determine the difference between right and wrong, good and evil, and practice doing righteousness (Hebrews 5:13-14; see also Genesis 3:22; 1 Kings 3:9; 1 Timothy 4:7; 2 Timothy 3:15-17). Following the righteous ways of God found in His Holy Scriptures brings true wisdom (e.g., Deuteronomy 4:5-8; Proverbs 1:1-3, 7; Proverbs 9:10). Wisdom means honoring God, turning away from evil, and walking in the good commandments of God (e.g., Deuteronomy 4:2; Deuteronomy 10:12-13 Job 1:8; Proverbs 1:7; Ecclesiastes 12:13-14). Even more, our spiritual maturity helps others to follow Jesus and grow, so that the whole body is healthy, growing, and full of love (e.g., see Matthew 28:18-20; Ephesians 4:11-12, 16).

Even more important, the author of Hebrews encouraged the people to continue in their faithfulness and obedience to the living God found in His Son, Jesus Christ (Messiah) (see Hebrews 6:4-8). Through our faith and obedience to the Lord Jesus, we discover and receive a foretaste of the good things of heaven, God’s blessings, and share in God’s Holy Spirit, which is the power of God (Hebrews 6:4-5, 7; see also John 17:21-23; 1 Corinthians 6:17; Ephesians 1:13-14). However, knowingly turning against the living God found in Jesus and turning once again to evil and sin after receiving the knowledge of the truth re-nails Jesus, who is the Son of God, again to Calvary’s Cross with all mockery, disgrace, and public shame (Hebrews 6:6; see also Hebrews 10:29; 2 Peter 2:20-21). Our genuine faith in Jesus Christ transforms our inward lives, motives, and hearts by the Holy Spirit to make us want to serve the living God (Hebrews 9:14; Hebrews 13:20-21; see also Philippians 2:12-14). Even worse, our rejection and deliberate disobedience to the living God and His righteous ways grieves God’s Holy Spirit and grace (Hebrews 6:6; see also e.g., Ephesians 4:30; Hebrews 10:29). Such intentional sin and rebellion against the living God leads to God’s wrath and eternal condemnation (Hebrews 6:8; see also Romans 11:22; 2 Thessalonians 1:7-8; Hebrews 10:26-27, 29-31).

Nevertheless, the author of Hebrews was optimistic and believed these first-century believers would produce the good fruit of righteousness that comes along with our salvation – repentance and faith in God found in His Son Jesus (Hebrews 6:9; see also Philippians 1:6, 10). A true and authentic believer of Jesus proves its worth by making spiritual progress and bearing good fruit for God's glory (e.g., see Matthew 7:15-20). The living LORD God is fair and just, and God NEVER forgets nor overlooks our hard work for His glory and honor (Hebrews 6:10; see also e.g., Deuteronomy 32:4; Psalm 25:8; Psalm 119:68; 2 Chronicles 19:7; Daniel 4:37; Revelation 15:3). The living God rewards His servants’ hard work, diligence, and faithfulness to Him and service and love to others (Hebrews 6:10; see also Matthew 10:40, 42; 2 Thessalonians 1:3; James 2:14-26). Therefore, the writer of Hebrews encourages ALL BELIEVERS to keep right on loving others, doing what is good and right, and to walk humbly with the living God found in His Son Jesus (Hebrews 6:11; see also Micah 6:6-8; Matthew 22:34-40; John 13:34-35; Philippians 1:9-11; 1 Thessalonians 3:12-13; Hebrews 12:14-17). The living LORD God rewards and blesses our continual goodness, patience, endurance, and faithfulness to Him for His Namesake, His honor, and His glory, which leads to maturity (Hebrews 6:10, 12, 15; see also e.g., Matthew 5:3-16; Matthew 10:22; Matthew 13:23; Luke 21:19; Romans 5:2-5; Colossians 1:9-10, 23; Hebrews 10:36; Hebrews 12:1-2, 12; James 1:3-4, 12).

As an example of active obedience and endurance, the author of Hebrews uses Abraham’s faithfulness to God (see Hebrews 6:13-15). The living God promised Abraham that He would bless Abraham again and again, give him a son, and make him the father of a great nation of people (Hebrews 6:14; see also Genesis 12:7; Genesis 13:14-17; Genesis 15:5; Genesis 17:1-2, 4-6). Abraham believed God’s promises, and Abraham’s trust in God declared him righteous in God’s eyes (Genesis 15:6; see also Habakkuk 2:2-4; Romans 1:16-17; Romans 4:3, 9, 13, 18, 22). Father Abraham waited years on God’s promises until finally, God gave him a son Isaac just as He had promised (Hebrews 6:15; see also Genesis 21:5; Genesis 22:15-18). The book of Genesis reveals Abraham waited 25 years from the time God had promised him a son to Isaac's birth (see Genesis 12:7; Genesis 13:14-16; Genesis 15:4-5; Genesis 17:16; Genesis 21:1-3). Thus, the writer of Hebrews encourages God’s people to patiently wait for God to act in His timing, even when our needs seem too great to wait any longer. Abraham patiently endured, and he obtained God’s promise (see Hebrews 6:15)!

The writer of Hebrews provides ALL people two immutable and absolute facts about God (see Hebrews 6:17-18). First, the writer of Hebrews remains everyone that the living LORD God is faithful (e.g., see Exodus 34:6; Deuteronomy 7:9; 2 Corinthians 1:8; 1 John 1:9), and He keeps ALL His promises (see Hebrews 6:16-18). Even more, the living LORD God is ALWAYS faithful and true (e.g., see Psalm 31:5; John 14:6, 17; John 15:26; John 16:13). When the living God makes a promise and oath, and He cannot lie (Hebrews 6:18; see also Numbers 23:19; Titus 1:2). The writer of Hebrews wanted to encourage ALL PEOPLE to come to the living God for safety, strength, and grace (Hebrews 6:18; see also Hebrews 4:16). EVERYONE who repents of their sins and remain committed to the living God found in His Son Jesus and His righteous ways will find His salvation – recovery, redemption, and restoration – both now and for eternity (see Hebrews 6:18-19).

In chapter 6 of Hebrews, verses 4 through 6 contain a section that has caused great debate and difficulty amongst biblical scholars for generations. At issue is the biblical doctrine of the perseverance of the saints. The great debate centers around the possibility of a believer falling away. The writer of Hebrews declares that when we deliberately and knowingly reject and disobey the living God, we are crucifying once again the Son of God to our own harm and holding Him up to contempt, disgrace, and public shame (see Hebrews 6:6). The living LORD God disciplines not only sinners but also believers when one deliberately and intentional sin and disobey against Him and His righteous commandments (Hebrews 12:5-8, 10; see also Psalm 94:12; Psalm 119:67, 75; Proverbs 3:11-12). Besides, our genuine faith in the living God found in His Son Jesus brings God’s heavenly blessings and refreshment that should produce spiritual fruit (see Hebrews 6:7). Sadly, our unfaithfulness and disobedience to the living God produce thorns and thistles that leads to God’s punishment and wrath (see Hebrews 6:8). So, the writer of Hebrews repeatedly encourages EVERYONE to wholeheartedly and faithfully love and obey the living LORD God found His Son Jesus and NEVER turn and fall away from faithfully following the Lord Jesus – perseverance (Hebrews 6:11-12; see also Hebrews 3:6, 12-14; Hebrews 3:6, 14; 10:23, 35-39; Hebrews 12:14-17).

In fact, the Lord Jesus specifically taught His disciples to faithfully follow His Father, the living LORD God and God’s Word. Jesus’ parable of the sower describes four different scenarios of faithfulness and obedience to His Father, the living LORD God and His Word despite the evil’s allurement, seductions of worldly glory and riches, and the trials of hardship (e.g., see Matthew 13:1-9, 18-23; Mark 4:1-9, 13-20; Luke 8:4-8, 11-15). Sadly, sometimes hardship and difficulties come to those who love and obey God and His righteous ways (e.g., see John 15:18-21; Acts 14:22; 1 Thessalonians 3:3; 2 Timothy 3:12; Revelation 1:9). However, the Lord Jesus encourages EVERYONE to endure and persevere during suffering, difficulties, and hardship because He has overcome the world (e.g., see John 14:1, 27; John 16:33; Romans 8:31, 37-39; 1 John 4:4). Importantly, our committed and wholehearted faithfulness and obedience to the living God and His Son Jesus will lead to our eternal salvation and entrance into God’s Kingdom (e.g., see Matthew 5:10; Matthew 7:21; Matthew 10:22; Mark 13:13). Entrance into God’s eternal Kingdom cannot be found anywhere once God’s Son Jesus is rejected (e.g., see Hebrews 10:26-27).

To “have fallen away” means to commit apostasy. Apostasy occurs when one receives God and His Word and believe for a while, but in the times of difficulties or life’s worries, riches and pleasures cause them to fall away from God (Hebrews 6:6; see also Luke 8:13-14; 1 Timothy 6:9-10, 17). These people who fall away to not move onto maturity and God’s blessings.  

An example of “falling away” occurred with ancient Israelites on the border of God’s Promised Land (e.g., see Numbers 13:26-14:38). These ancient Israelites at Kadesh Barnea tasted the goodness of God yet turned back because of their unfaithfulness, fear, and lack of trust in God (see Deuteronomy 1:19-26). However, the Lord Jesus taught that those who persevere and wholeheartedly love His Him and His Father, the living LORD God, and obey His Word despite life’s worries, riches, and difficulties will grow into maturity and produce spiritual growth, forgiveness of sins, and entrance into God’s Kingdom (e.g., see Matthew 13:23; Mark 4:20; Luke 8:15, 21; John 15:5, 16).

Therefore, the author of Hebrews wanted EVERYONE to move forward and pursue the prize promised by God (Hebrews 3:1; see also e.g., 1 Corinthians 9:14; Philippians 3:14). As believers of Christ Jesus, our citizenship is in heaven (e.g., see Ephesians 2:19; Philippians 3:20-21). The writer of Hebrews encourages ALL PEOPLE to continually place their sincere hope and faith in the living God found in His Son Christ and to live holy lives (see Hebrews 6:19). The Lord Jesus is our strong and trustworthy Anchor and Lifeline for our souls because He connects and unites us with His Father, the living LORD God (Yahweh) in the heavens (Hebrews 6:19-20; see also Romans 5:1-2, 10; 2 Corinthians 5:18; Ephesians 2:18; Ephesians 3:12). Hence, DO NOT QUIT GOD!

²⁰ Now may the God of peace …. equip you with all you need for doing His will. May He produce in you, through the power of Jesus Christ, every good thing that is pleasing to Him. All glory to Him forever and ever! AMEN. Hebrews 13:20-21, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

References

Apologetics Study Bible: Understanding Why You Believe (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2012).

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

New Student Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1992).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Jesus Christ Is PERFECT High Priest

¹ Every high priest is a man (human) chosen to represent other people in their dealings with God. He presents their gifts to God and offers sacrifices for their sins. ² And he can deal gently (compassionately) with ignorant and wayward people because he himself is subject to the same weaknesses. ³ That is why he must offer sacrifices for his own sins as well as theirs. ⁴ And no one can become a high priest simply because he wants such an honor. He must be called by God for this work, just as Aaron was. ⁵ That is why Christ (Messiah) did not honor Himself by assuming He could become High Priest. No, He was chosen by God, … ⁷ While Jesus was here on earth (incarnate, as human flesh), He offered prayers and pleadings, with a loud cry and tears, to the One who could rescue Him from death. And God heard His (Jesus) prayers because of His deep reverence (respect, honor) for God. ⁸ Even though Jesus was God’s Son, He learned obedience from the things He suffered. ⁹ In this way, God qualified Him as a perfect High Priest, and He became the source of eternal salvation for all those who obey Him. Hebrews 5:1-5, 7-9, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

In the book of Hebrews, the unknown author gives everyone a history lesson on the Old Testament priesthood and the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah and Hope of Israel) has become our PERFECT High Priest (see Hebrews 5:1-10). Now the Old Testament discussed the living God’s first agreement, also known as covenant or testament, between the living God and His people. In the Old Testament, there were rules and regulations for worship, and there was a sacred sanctuary called the Tent of Meetings or the Tabernacle where the living God dwelled on earth (Hebrews 9:1-2; see also Exodus 25:8).

Originally, the living LORD God selected and ordained a high priest from amongst the people (humans) to come inside and work the Tabernacle (Hebrews 5:1; see also Leviticus 21:10; Hebrews 7:28). This God-appointed high priest represented the people before the living LORD God, and he presented the people’s gifts to God and offered sacrifices for the people’s sins (Hebrews 5:1; see also Hebrews 8:3).

This high priest was only human (see Hebrews 5:1-2). As a human, the high priest dealt patiently and compassionately with sinful and wayward people who do wrong because he was also subject to the same moral weaknesses, temptations, and wrongdoing (Hebrews 5:2-3; see also Hebrews 7:28). That is why the high priest offered gifts and sacrifices for his sins as well as the people’s sins (Hebrews 5:3; e.g., see also Leviticus 4:3; Leviticus 9:7; Leviticus 16:6; Hebrews 7:27-28). However, the high priest’s gifts and sacrifices offered to the living God were only external, and these gifts, sacrifices, and rituals were not able to permanently clear the people’s conscience nor take away their sins (see Hebrews 9:9-10; Hebrews 10:1, 4, 11).

Moreover, the unknown author of Hebrews reminds everyone that no one can appoint oneself as a high priest just because one wants this great honor (Hebrews 5:4; see also Deuteronomy 10:8-9). Only the living LORD God calls and chooses all high priest for this privileged work, just as Aaron and the tribe of Levi were chosen (Hebrews 5:4; see also Numbers 18:1-7). Aaron was Moses’ brother, and Israel’s first high priest (see Exodus 28:1).

In the Old Testament, Aaron and the tribe of Levi were duly ordained and appointed by God to the office of high priest (e.g., see Exodus 30:6-10; Exodus 32:26-29; Numbers 3:6; Deuteronomy 21:5; 1 Chronicles 15:2; 1 Chronicles 23:13). In the past, some people have tried to appoint themselves the honor of God’s high priest only to receive God’s wrath and punishment (e.g., see also, 1 Samuel 13:7-14; 2 Chronicles 26:8, 16-21). Numbers 16 gives an example of an open revolt by two hundred and fifty well-known council members led by Korah, Dothan, and Abiram who wanted more people recognized as priests and received God’s punishment (see Numbers 16:1-7, 40). During the New Testament times, the Roman government selected the high priest by rewarding the priesthood to political favorites.

In the same way, the unknown author of Hebrews announces that the living LORD God commissioned, ordained, and selected His Son Jesus Christ to become His PERFECT High Priest for ALL humankind FOREVER (Hebrews 5:5-6, 9-10; see also Psalm 2:7; Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 1:1-3, 5; Hebrews 6:20; Hebrews 7:17, 21, 24, 28; Revelation 1:17-18). At His resurrection from complete death on Easter, the Lord Jesus ascended to the perfect Tabernacle in heaven to become our High Priest at the throne of grace FOREVER (e.g., see Isaiah 9:7; Hebrews 1:2; Hebrews 4:14-16; Hebrews 7:21, 28; Hebrews 9:11). No Old Testament priest ministered to God forever because each priest died and surrendered the office to his successor (e.g., see Hebrews 7:23-24). Like Aaron and his descendants, the Lord Jesus did not appoint Himself as High Priest, but He was appointed by His Father, the living LORD God – Yahweh (e.g., see Hebrews 5:5-6, 9-10).

The Lord Jesus Christ’s Priesthood is unique. As mentioned above, the Old Testament priesthood belonged to the order of Aaron and the tribe of Levi (e.g., see also, Hebrews 7:5). However, the Lord Jesus was born of the Seed of David from the tribe of Judah, and Moses never mentioned priests coming from Judah (Hebrews 7:14; see also Isaiah 11:1; Micah 5:2; Matthew 2:6; Revelation 5:5). However, the Lord Jesus’s Priesthood belongs to the order of Melchizedek (see Hebrews 5:10), and Melchizedek also was not a descendant of Levi (see Hebrews 7:6). The Lord Jesus became a priest, not by meeting the physical requirement of belonging to the tribe of Levi, but by His Father the living God in the order of Melchizedek (e.g., see Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 7:16-17).

Who is Melchizedek? This mysterious person named Melchizedek is mentioned in only two places in the entire Old Testament — Genesis 14:17-24 and Psalm 110:4. Melchizedek appeared one day in the life of Abraham (then Abram) and was never heard from again. He was a Gentile and not even an Israelite (Jewish) nor from the  tribe of Levi. Melchizedek knew nothing about the Temple nor the Old Testament law, for these came after his time during the time of Moses over four hundred years later. Nevertheless, Melchizedek worshipped the true and living LORD God.

Moreover, the book of Hebrews called Melchizedek both king of the Salem (now called Jerusalem) and a priest of the God Most High (Hebrews 5:6, 10; see also Genesis 14:18; Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 3:1; Hebrews 7:1, 17). Thus, Melchizedek was both a priest and a king – a dual office Only in the Lord Jesus and Melchizedek held BOTH offices of king and priest! Yet, the Lord Jesus is our King and High Priest (e.g., see Isaiah 9:6-7; Isaiah 11:5-9; Zechariah 6:12-13; Matthew 2:2; Matthew 27:11, 37; 1 Timothy 2:5; Hebrews 3:1; Hebrews 4:14-16). Even better, the Lord Jesus is also our great Prophet powerful in both word and deed (e.g., Deuteronomy 18:15, 18; Matthew 21:11; Luke 7:16; Luke 24:19; Hebrews 1:1-3). Therefore, the Lord Jesus holds all three roles – King, Priest, and Prophet. Truly, the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah) – who is the Hope of Israel – is our TOTAL LEADER: a PERFECT King governing justly, a PERFECT Prophet revealing God’s truth, and a PERFECT Priest bring God and people together!

The Old Testament teaches that Melchizedek met father Abraham (Abram) and blessed him when Abraham was returning home after winning a great battle against the kings (Hebrews 7:1, 6-7; see also Genesis 14:18-20). Abraham took a tenth of all he had captured in battle and gave an offering to Melchizedek (see Hebrews 7:2, 4, 6). Abraham was the father of the Jewish nation and Levi, who was Abraham’s descendant. The book of Hebrews describes the priesthood of Melchizedek superior to the Jewish priesthood, who was made up of Levi's descendants. Melchizedek's priesthood was a type of Jesus Christ's priesthood (Hebrews 5:6, 10; see also Hebrews 2:17; Hebrews 6:20).

The name Melchizedek means “king of justice,” and king of Salem means “king of peace” (see Hebrews 7:2). Another translation defines Melchizedek as the “king of righteousness” (see Hebrews 7:2, NIV2011). There is no record of Melchizedek’s father or mother or any of his ancestors (see Hebrews 7:3). The book of Hebrews notes that Melchizedek has no beginning nor end to his life (see Hebrews 7:3). Melchizedek remains a priest forever, resembling the Son of God (Hebrews 7:3; see also Hebrews 5:6, 10). Accordingly, Melchizedek becomes a picture of our Lord Jesus who is both Priest and King forever (see Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 6:20). Like Melchizedek, the Lord Jesus is “King of Righteousness” and “King of Peace” (Hebrews 7:2; see also Isaiah 9:6-7; Isaiah 11:5-9).

Next, the book of Hebrews teaches that while the Lord Jesus lived and walked the earth as a human (Incarnation), He lead a prayerful and obedient life to His Father, the living LORD God of heaven and earth (Hebrews 5:7-8; see also Mark 1:35; Mark 6:46; Luke 5:16; Luke 6:12; Luke 9:18, 28; Luke 11:1). Particularly, Jesus was in great agony as He prepared to face death for the sins of the world at Calvary’s Cross (e.g., see Luke 22:41-44). The Lord Jesus Christ prayed with strong crying and agony of soul to His Father the living LORD God to protect and save Him from the His agony and death on the Cross (Hebrews 5:7; e.g., see Matthew 26:39, 42, 44; Matthew 27:46, 50; Mark 14:36, 39; Mark 15:34, 37; Luke 22:41-44; Luke 23:46; John 12:27). As He faced the Cross, the Lord Jesus knew He would be made sin in His body and separated from His Father (e.g., see Isaiah 53:4, 11; Romans 8:3; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Hebrews 7:27-28; Hebrews 9:27-28; 1 Peter 2:24). Yet, Jesus recognized His Father the living God was Almighty, and all things are possible with Him (Hebrews 5:7; see also Jeremiah 32:17, 27; Matthew 19:26; Mark 9:23).

The living LORD God heard His Son’s pleads and prayers because of Jesus’ continual faithfulness, reverence, and obedience to His Father (Hebrews 5:7; see also John 5:30). The living God always responds to His faithful and obedient children (e.g., see Psalm 145:18-19; Proverbs 15:8, 29; Isaiah 59:2; John 9:31; James 5:16). As He lived and walked the earth, the Lord Jesus perfectly obeyed and fulfilled His Father’s moral laws and commandments (e.g., see Matthew 5:17-20; Romans 3:31; Romans 10:4; Hebrews 4:15). From birth to death, the Lord Jesus experienced all the same temptations, weaknesses, and sufferings as all humans and yet He never once rebelled and sinned against His Father, the living LORD God (Hebrews 4:15; see also 2 Corinthians 5:21; 1 Peter 2:22; 1 John 3:5). Jesus always lived in full submissions to His Father’s will and calling (e.g., see John 6:38). Even though the Lord Jesus was the living LORD God’s only begotten Son (e.g., see Hebrews 1:1-2), He learned from experience to obey His Father, even if His obedience meant suffering and pain (Hebrews 5:8; see also Mark 14:36; Philippians 2:7-8).

Thus, the Lord Jesus proved Himself to be our PERFECT High Priest (see Hebrews 7:26-28). Because of His obedience to His Father, the Lord Jesus proved Himself to be the perfectly equipped as our High Priest (see Hebrews 5:9). Consequently, the living LORD appointed His Son Jesus Christ to become the Source and Giver of eternal salvation and righteousness to all who trust and obey Him (Hebrews 5:9; see also 1 Corinthians 1:30; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Hebrews 2:10; Hebrews 12:2).  

Therefore, the Lord Jesus now calls ALL PEOPLE who call upon His Name for salvation to REPENT and TURN AWAY from sin and live for righteousness (e.g., see Acts 20:21, 24; Acts 26:15-18, 20, Romans 6:1-2, 11, 13; 1 Corinthians 15:34; Titus 2:12; 1 Peter 2:24). The Lord Jesus can save fully and to the uttermost EVERYONE who comes to God through Him (Hebrews 7:25; see also John 14:6). The Lord Jesus assures all believers (disciples) who call on His Name in REPENTANCE and OBEDIENCE forgiveness of sins with His Father, the living God (e.g., see Luke 8:21; Luke 24:47; Acts 2:38; Acts 4:12; Acts 5:31; Acts 10:34-35; 43; Acts 13:38-39). Through our continual faith and obedience to His Father the living God, Jesus Christ gives His people salvation forever (e.g., see Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 9:12). Therefore, let everyone REPENT of our sins and TURN with wholehearted FAITH and OBEDIENCE to the living God found in His Son, Jesus Christ (e.g., see Hebrews 12:1-2).

The Lord Jesus lives forever to mediate and intercede with God on behalf of His faithful believers (disciples) (Hebrews 7:25; see also Romans 8:34; 1 Timothy 2:5; Hebrews 9:24). As believers in Jesus Christ, we can always run to our PERFECT High Priest at any time, in any circumstance, and find the help that we need (see Hebrews 4:14-16)! In the heavens, the Lord Jesus as our PERFECT High Priest is at the right hand of the living God interceding, mediating, and pleading with His Father for all believers for all who confess true faith and obedience in Him (e.g., see Romans 8:34; Hebrews 7:25; Hebrews 9:24; 1 John 2:1).

Amazingly, the Lord Jesus is not only our GREAT High Priest, but He is also God’s final sacrifice for humanities’ sin problem (e.g., see Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 9:12; Hebrews 10:10, 12-14). In the Old Testament system, every priest stood daily at his service, repeatedly offering the same gifts and sacrifices, which could never take away sins (e.g., see Hebrews 7:27; Hebrews 10:11). However, the Lord Jesus Christ our Savior became God’s once-for-all a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God for our sins on Calvary’s Cross (e.g., see John 1:29; John 6:51; Romans 4:25; Galatians 1:4; Galatians 2:20; Ephesians 5:25; Titus 2:14). Now, our gracious High Priest gives salvation to EVERYONE who approaches Him in faith!

References

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

New Student Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1992).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Zondervan NIV Study Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).

Wiersbe, Warren W. Bible Exposition Commentary – New Testament (Victor Books, 1989).