By God’s Gracious Spirit

⁵ Then the (interpreting or messenger) angel who talked with me (Zechariah) answered and said to me, “Do you not know what these are?” I said, “No, my lord.” ⁶ Then he (interpreting or guiding angel) said to me (Zechariah), “This is the word of the LORD to Zerubbabel: Not by might, nor by power, but by My Spirit, says the LORD of Hosts. ⁷ Who are you, O great mountain (obstacle)? Before Zerubbabel you shall become a plain (molehill, flat land). And he shall bring forward the top stone amid shouts of ‘Grace, grace to it!’”  Zechariah 4:5-7, English Standard Version

In the opening verses of chapter 4, Zechariah is once again accompanied by a messenger or interpreting angel (see Zechariah 4:1, 4-5, 10-13). Throughout Zechariah’s prophecy, a messenger or interpreting angel walked with the prophet and reviewed Zechariah’s understanding and explained his many night visions from the living LORD God (e.g., see Zechariah 1:9, 13-14, 19, 21; Zechariah 2:2-3; Zechariah 3:1; Zechariah 5:5, 10; Zechariah 6:4-6).

Now in chapter 4, the prophet Zechariah is given another night vision involving Zerubbabel, the governor of Judah. Zerubbabel along with Joshua, the high priest, led the Jewish people returning from Exile into Palestine (Promised Land) in 538 BC through King Cyrus pronouncement. The Old Testament post-exilic books of Ezra, Nehemiah, Haggai and long with Zechariah tells of God’s people under the leadership of Zerubbabel and Joshua returning to Palestine to rebuild Jerusalem and the LORD God’s Temple (e.g., see Ezra 1:1-5; Ezra 2:1-2; Ezra 3:1-2; Ezra 5:2; Nehemiah 7:7; Nehemiah 12:1; Haggai 1:1; Haggai 2:2).

According to Ezra 3, Zerubbabel and Joshua along with their fellow Jews rebuilt the altar and laid the foundation of the Temple (see Ezra 3:1-3). However, the returning Jews halted and stopped the rebuilding of Jerusalem and the Temple because of discouragement, enemy opposition, and even government opposition (e.g., see Ezra 4:1-6, 23-24). Ezra chapter 4 described three different strategies evil people used to hinder God’s people rebuilding Jerusalem and the Temple. First, these evil workers offered help to God’s people either to compromise or even a complete take over of the rebuilding (see Ezra 4:1-3). Second, the evil workers tried to discourage, frighten, and frustrate God’s people (see Ezra 4:4-5). Finally, Satan’s evil workers used official governmental powers to force God’s people to stop rebuilding God’s Temple (see Ezra 4:23-24). Even worse, the returning Jews succumbed to Satan’s evil tactics and began devoting their time and strength on their homes, luxuries, and comforts first and ignored the LORD God’s Temple (e.g., see Haggai 1:3-4).

For nearly 20 years, the Temple and Jerusalem laid in ruins! Because God’s people ignored Jerusalem and the living LORD God’s house – the Temple, the people experienced scarcity and could not meet their basic needs despite their hard work and labor. God’s people were working hard, but the living LORD God did not bless their efforts because they ignored living LORD God’s House FIRST (e.g., see Haggai 1:5-6, 9-11; Haggai 2:14-17)! The people worked hard; however, their crops failed, and their money disappeared as soon as they earned money because they had the WRONG priorities. The people needed to place GOD FIRST by rebuilding the Temple (see Haggai 1:2, 4, 8-9)! The Temple symbolized the living LORD God’s Presence (Name) and His honor (Ezra 6:12; see also Exodus 20:24; Exodus 25:21-22; Exodus 40:34-38; 1 Kings 8:12-13, 27-30).

Then in approximately 520 BC during Darius of Persia’s reign, the living and sovereign LORD God raised up His prophets, Haggai and Zechariah to support and encourage Zerubbabel, Joshua, and God’s people to be STRONG and FINISH the work of rebuilding Jerusalem and the LORD God’s Temple (see Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:1-14; Haggai 1:1-2, 7-8, 12-15; Haggai 2:1-2, 4-5; Zechariah 1:1, 7; Zechariah 4:6-10; Zechariah 8:9-11). These two prophets invigorated God’s people to be strong, courageous, and finish the living LORD God’s Temple under Zerubbabel and Joshua’s leadership because the living and true LORD God by His Spirit would be with them and never forsake them (Haggai 1:14-15; Zechariah 1:1, 7; Zechariah 8:9, 12-13; see also Deuteronomy 31:6). The prophets Haggai and Zechariah assured God’s people the living LORD God’s Presence and Power were with them through His Spirit to strengthen them to finish rebuilding Jerusalem and His Temple (Haggai 1:13; Haggai 2:4-5; Zechariah 4:6-10; see Genesis 26:3; Matthew 1:23; Matthew 28:20). Moreover, Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the people to TRUST and HONOR the living LORD God, live MORAL LIVES, and place Him FIRST in their lives and hearts (see Haggai 2:10-17; Zechariah 7:8-10). If the people honored the living LORD God and lived moral (righteous lives), the LORD promised to bless His people with His PRESENCE and grace (Haggai 1:7-8; see also 1 Chronicles 28:9-10; Matthew 6:33). Because the people listened to the prophets Haggai and Zechariah and rebuilt the Temple, the people began to prosper and become successful (see Ezra 6:14). Even more important, the prophets Haggai and Zechariah knew the coming blessings of Jesus the Messiah (also known as Christ, the Anointed One, and the Desire of All Nations) would walk Jerusalem and fill this rebuilt Temple with God’s glory (Haggai 2:6-9; Zechariah 9:9-10; see also Luke 2:32; John 1:9, 14, 16).

This Temple (also called the Second Temple) was fully completed and dedicated on March 12, 515 BC, and the people celebrated the completion with joy (see Ezra 6:15-16). Thus, the Second Temple was finished approximately seventy (70) years after the Babylonian destruction in 586 BC. Herod the Great later remodeled and expanded the Temple at the time of the Lord Jesus Christ. This Second Temple stood for approximately 585 years until the Roman Army under Titus destroyed the Temple in AD 70, thereby ending the Jewish sacrificial system.[1]

As previously mentioned, the living LORD God was previously angry with His people and hid His Presence and goodness because of their many sins, evil deeds, and wickedness (e.g., Isaiah 1:15; Isaiah 5:7-8; Isaiah 57:17). Israel, Judah, and Jerusalem were filled with murder, rebellion, thief, adultery, bribery, prostitution, witchcraft, drinking, pride, greed, idolatry, unfaithfulness, and lies as well as mistreatment of aliens, widows, and the poor (e.g., see 2 Kings 17:7-23; Isaiah 1:21-23; Isaiah 5:11-12, 20-23;  Hosea 1:2; Habakkuk 1:2-4; Zephaniah 1:4-6). Even worse, the religious leaders and judges were corrupted, disregarded God’s instructions, and only sought personal gain for themselves (e.g., see Zephaniah 3:1-4, 7).

For a moment, the living LORD God turned away from His people – the Jews – because of their wickedness and rebellion but now the prophet Zechariah revealed the living LORD God was returning to Israel, Judah, and Jerusalem with His grace, mercy, and Presence (Zechariah 1:3, 5-6, 16; Zechariah 2:5, 8, 10-12; see also Isaiah 47:6; Isaiah 54:7-8). The living LORD God informed His holy prophet Jeremiah that He would again return to His people after seventy (70) years of judgment (Exile) from His Promised Land with peace and overflowing prosperity (Jeremiah 25:11-12; Jeremiah 29:10-14; see also Isaiah 57:18-20; Daniel 9:2-3).

During the seventy years of Exile, God’s people realized their rebellion, repented and confessed their sins and evil against the living LORD God and His covenant (Zechariah 1:6; see also e.g., Lamentations 2:17; Daniel 9:4-24). The living LORD God heard His people’s genuine and wholehearted prayers of repentance and forgave their sins (Zechariah 1:3, 6, 12; see also 2 Chronicles 7:14; Psalm 32:5-7; Psalm 51:1-4; Proverbs 28:13). Psalm 126 records the joy and laughter of God’s restored people after the Exile. The Holy Scriptures are clear: the living LORD God promises that when we wholeheartedly return to Him with repentance and faith, He returns to us with His healing, peace, blessings, and full restoration (e.g., see Hosea 6:1; Matthew 4:17, 23-25; John 16:33; Philippians 4:4-7).

In Zechariah chapter 4, the prophet Zechariah receives another message from the living LORD God to this time give to Zerubbabel. In chapter 3, Zechariah’s prophetic message focused on Joshua the high priest and the living LORD God’s forgiveness of His people’s sins through repentance and obedience to Him (Zechariah 3:1-7; see also Zechariah 1:3-6). Now, the living LORD God needed to encourage and strength His servant Zerubbabel to lead His people.

Zerubbabel was significant because he was a chosen servant of the living LORD God (e.g., see Haggai 2:23). Significantly, Zerubbabel was the grandson of King Jehoiachin, who was a descendant of King David of Judah (see 2 Kings 24:10-17; 2 Kings 25:27-30). When the Jews returned to Palestine from Exile, they were now ruled by the Persian foreign government, and they were very few with no king and no military army (e.g., see Ezra 1:1-5). The beautiful Temple built by King Solomon laid in ruins and Jerusalem was destroyed (e.g., see 2 Kings 25:1-21; 2 Chronicles 36:17-20; Jeremiah 39:1-10; Jeremiah 52:4-27). Sadly, God’s people felt the LORD God’s wrath after years of unfaithfulness, rebellion, and disobedience against the living LORD God and His righteous commands. The living LORD God punished and scattered Israel and Judah for their disobedience, sinfulness, and selfishness (Zechariah 1:5-6, 21; Zechariah 2:6; Zechariah 7:11-14; Zechariah 8:14; see also Leviticus 26:33; Deuteronomy 28:36-42; 2 Kings 17:13-15; 2 Chronicles 36:15-21; Jeremiah 35:15). Nevertheless, the living LORD God still LOVED His people and NEVER rejected Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem (Zechariah 1:14, 16; Zechariah 8:1-3; e.g., see Leviticus 26:44-45; Ezekiel 11:16). Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem continued to be the apple of the living LORD God’s eye (Zechariah 2:8; see also Deuteronomy 32:10). Moreover, the living LORD God was faithful to His promises, and He preserved King David’s family line with Zerubbabel (e.g., see 2 Samuel 7:12-16). Zerubbabel was a Davidic prince and listed as a descendant of the Lord Jesus Christ, who is the son of David and King of kings forever (see Matthew 1:1, 6, 12-13, 17; Luke 1:32-33; Luke 3:27). Some biblical scholars see Zechariah’s vision of the olive trees and lampstand a symbol of the living LORD God’s watchfulness and power to fulfill His promise to David’s house, presented by Zerubbabel.

Here is the GOOD NEWS: all believers in the Lord Jesus Christ has been unity and grafted into the people of the living LORD God (the Jews) and receive all His spiritual blessings, mercy, and grace as joint heirs with His Son, Jesus – the Head of the church (e.g., see John 1:12-13; John 3:3-8; Acts 11:14-17; Galatians 4:4-6; Ephesians 1:22-23; Ephesians 2:11-22). Through faith in Christ Jesus our Lord, Jews and Gentiles alike are all children (family) of God and Abraham’s seed (e.g., see Genesis 12:1-3, 7; Romans 10:12-13; Galatians 3:26-29; Ephesians 3:6, 12, 15). The living LORD God adopts believers in His Son Jesus into His family and gives believers His inheritance – the Spirit of the living God (e.g., see Ephesians 1:5, 11-14; 1 John 5:1).

In chapter 4, the messenger angel once again awakens Zechariah as though Zechariah had been in a deep sleep (Zechariah 4:1; see also 1 Kings 19:5-7). Similarly, seeing divine visions, including the living LORD God and understanding their meanings made the prophet Daniel weary and sleepy strength (e.g., see Daniel 7:9-10, 13-14; Daniel 8:18; Daniel 10:8-10, 15-19).

The messenger angel asked Zechariah, “What do you see now?” (Zechariah 4:2; see also Jeremiah 1:13; Jeremiah 24:3; Zechariah 5:2). Zechariah answered the messenger angel, “I see a gold lampstand holding seven lamps, and at the top there is a reservoir for the olive oil that feeds the lamps, flowing into them through seven tubes” (see Zechariah 4:2; The Living Bible Translation). Then, the prophet Zechariah also informed the messenger angel that he sees, “two olive trees carved upon the lampstand, one on each side of the reservoir” (see Zechariah 4:3, The Living Bible Translation).

Some biblical scholars believe Zechariah’s vision of the golden lampstand means the living LORD God’s Presence, glory, and watchfulness were returning to Israel, Judah, and Jerusalem to reveal His good light (Zechariah 2:5; see also Isaiah 10:17; John 8:12; 1 Timothy 6:16; 1 John 1:5, 7). In the opening chapters of Zechariah, the prophet sees the Angel of the LORD and heavenly army patrolling the earth for the living LORD God (see Zechariah 1:8, 10-11; see also Zechariah 6:2-8). The living LORD God announced to Zechariah that He was returning to Israel, Judah, and Jerusalem with His grace, mercy, and blessings because of His people’s repentance and obedience (see Zechariah 1:3-6, 12-13, 16-17; Zechariah 2:5, 10-13). Significantly, the golden lampstand in the books of Exodus and Revelation stood for the Presence, revelation, and goodness of the LORD with His repentant and faithful people (e.g., see Exodus 25:31-40; Exodus 37:17-24; Revelation 1:12-13, 20; Revelation 2:1, 5; Revelation 4:5). Even more, the living LORD God commands His faithful people  to shine as His light in a dark world through their good deeds and moral excellence for His glory and honor (e.g., see Isaiah 60:1-3; Isaiah 62:1; Daniel 12:3; Matthew 5:14-16; Luke 12:35-37; 1 Corinthians 10:31; Ephesians 2:10; Philippians 2:12, 15).

Then, Zechariah asked the messenger the meaning of the gold lampstand, the seven lamps, and the two olive trees (see Zechariah 4:4).  The messenger angel asked Zechariah why he does not know the meaning of the gold lampstand, the seven lamps, and the two olive trees (see Zechariah 4:5, 12). Then, the messenger angel informed the prophet Zechariah, “This is God’s message to Zerubbabel: ‘Not by might, nor by power, but by My Spirit, says the Lord Almighty — you will succeed because of My Spirit, though you are few and weak’” (see Zechariah 4:6; The Living Bible Translation). Zechariah along with Haggai received the prophetic message from the living LORD God that the rebuilding of the Temple is charged to Zerubbabel and Joshua and will occur by His powerful outpouring of the Spirit and not by human resources of might and power (see also Haggai 1:13-15; Haggai 2:4-5)! Essentially, Zechariah chapter 4 teaches that the living LORD God empowers His faithful people for His service (see Zechariah 4:1-14).

The living LORD God Almighty assured Zerubbabel that he would not succeed by his strength or power, but by His mighty and unending Holy Spirit flowing through his hands and efforts (Zechariah 4:6; see also Deuteronomy 8:18; 1 Chronicles 29:12; Haggai 2:4-5). The Holy Scriptures are clear: no one wins and builds by one’s strength and army, but by PATIENT and HUMBLE TRUST and OBEDIENCE in the true and living LORD God of heaven (e.g., see 1 Samuel 2:9; 1 Samuel 17:47; Psalm 33:16-22; Psalm 127:1; Zephaniah 2:3). The living LORD God wanted Zerubbabel and the people to have FAITH in Him and rely on His GREAT POWER to rebuild the Temple (e.g., see also Habakkuk 2:2-4; 2 Corinthians 5:7). Even though Zerubbabel and the returning Jews appeared weak and few, they were POWERFUL and STRONG because the living LORD God by His Spirit was with them (e.g., see also 2 Corinthians 12:9-10). The Spirit of God would empower and strengthen Zerubbabel and God’s people! Like the prophet Zechariah, the prophet Haggai encouraged Zerubbabel, Joshua, and God’s people NOT TO FEAR but to be STRONG and WORK rebuilding Jerusalem and His Temple because the LORD God and His powerful Spirit would be present working within their hands and efforts (Haggai 1:13-15: Haggai 2:1-2, 4-5; see also Joshua 1:6-9; 1 Chronicles 28:10, 20; Zechariah 4:6-7; Zechariah 8:9, 13, 15).

Similarly, the living LORD God through His servant Moses encouraged Joshua and God’s people, the ancient Israelites, to be STRONG and COURAGEOUS and NOT AFRAID nor TERRIFIED because His Presence (Spirit) would go and be with them to defeat any enemy attacks (Exodus 33:14-17; Deuteronomy 1:29-30; Deuteronomy 31:6, 23; see also Joshua 1:6-7; Joshua 10:25; 1 Chronicles 22:13). For the LORD God is a GREAT, POWERFUL, and AWESOME GOD, and He is the One who goes with His faithful and obedient people to fight their battles, build houses, and give them victory (e.g., see Exodus 14:14; Deuteronomy 20:1-4; 2 Samuel 5:10-11; 1 Chronicles 5:22; 2 Chronicles 20:14-22; 2 Chronicles 32:7-8; Nehemiah 4:20; Acts 7:9). The living LORD God will NEVER leave or forsakes His obedient and faithful people (e.g., see Joshua 1:5; Isaiah 41:10, 13; Hebrews 13:5-6). Truly, if God is for you, who can ever be against you to defeat you (e.g., see Exodus 3:2; Exodus 14:22; Numbers 14:9; 2 Kings 6:16; Psalm 118:6; Isaiah 41:10; Romans 8:31; 1 John 4:4). The living LORD God is the GREATER POWER (e.g., see 2 Chronicles 32:7-8).

Even more, the Apostle Paul gave the same message to believers to Jesus: “be strong in the Lord and in His mighty power (e.g., see 1 Corinthians 16:13; Ephesians 1:19; Ephesians 6:10; 2 Timothy 2:1). The living and true LORD God our Father has blessed all faithful and obedient believers united to His Son the Lord Jesus Christ by faith with every spiritual blessing, peace, wisdom, understanding, and grace (e.g., see Ephesians 1:3, 6-8). Furthermore, the living LORD God has not given obedient believers of Jesus a spirit of fear, cowardness, and timidity, but He has given faithful believers of Jesus through His Holy Spirit love, wisdom, peace, understanding, and most important His power (e.g., see Isaiah 11:2; John 14:1, 15-20, 27; Acts 1:8; Romans 8:15-17; 1 Corinthians 1:30; Ephesians 1:17-19; 2 Timothy 1:7). The living LORD God’s gracious Spirit works within faithful believers of Jesus to give them great and immeasurable power (e.g., see Acts 4:33; Ephesians 1:19; Ephesians 3:7; Colossians 1:29). Importantly, the living LORD God’s power is the SAME POWER that raised His Son Jesus from death in the grave and seated Him in the place of honor at His right hand in the heavenly realms (e.g., see Ephesians 1:19-20).

The Lord Jesus knew God’s people would face oppositions and other attacks from Satan and his evil minions in this world (e.g., see 1 Thessalonians 2:3). However, the Lord Jesus instructed believers to CELEBRATE because He has already defeated Satan and his evil minions through faith in Him and gives believers His spiritual power (e.g., see John 16:33; 1 John 4:4; 1 John 5:4-5). Therefore, the Holy Scriptures reminds believers that we can do all things through the Lord Jesus that strengthens our inner beings by His power (e.g., see Ephesians 3:16; Philippians 4:13).

Moreover, the living LORD God promised Zerubbabel and His people that no big and mighty mountain nor human obstacle could stop them from rebuilding Jerusalem and His Temple to set the Cornerstone in place (see Zechariah 4:7). The messenger angel knew the Messiah – who is also called the Cornerstone (Capstone) and Righteous Servant-Branch – would be coming soon with God’s grace and blessings into this Temple (Haggai 2:6-9; Zechariah 3:8-9; see also Isaiah 4:2; Isaiah 49:3; John 1:14, 16).

Therefore, the living LORD informed Zechariah to tell the people that any mountain or human obstacle will become a mere molehill and a plain (Zechariah 4:7; see also Isaiah 40:4). The living LORD God wanted Zerubbabel, Joshua, and His people to have FAITH in Him because NOTHING will be impossible if they have FAITH in Him (e.g., see Matthew 17:20-21; Matthew 21:21-22; Mark 9:23). Faith in the living LORD God empowers His people by His Spirit to overcome seemingly impossible obstacles – whether political, practical, or demonic powers! In fact, the living LORD God is so strong He can move and level any mountain (e.g., see Isaiah 40:4). NOTHING is too hard for God (e.g., see Jeremiah 32:17, 27). All these blessings will come to Zerubbabel, Joshua, and God’s people by the living LORD God’s gracious Spirit and mercy alone (Zechariah 4:7; see also Zechariah 3:9).

The Holy Scriptures are clear: God’s gracious Spirit works through His people accomplishes what appears to be an impossible mission! The small Jewish community returning from Babylonian Exile did not think they had resources and strength to complete the rebuilding of God’s Temple. The prophets Zechariah and Haggai encouraged Zerubbabel, Joshua, and the people that they did not need to worry about financial resources, political conditions, or lack of workers. God’s mighty Spirit would supply all their needs! The Holy Spirit is the power source for all people on mission for the living LORD God (e.g., see Haggai 2:4-5; Zechariah 4:6)!

Then, the prophet Zechariah received another divine message from the living LORD God saying:

⁹ “Zerubbabel laid the foundation of this Temple, and he will complete it. Then you will know these messages are from God, the Lord Almighty. ¹⁰ Do not despise this small beginning, for the eyes of the LORD rejoice to see the work begin, to see the plumbline in the hand of Zerubbabel. For these seven lamps represent the eyes of the LORD that see everywhere around the world.” Zechariah 4:8-10, The Living Bible Translation

The living LORD God promised Zechariah that Zerubbabel’s hands started rebuilding the new Temple, and his hands will complete the restoration of the new Temple (Zechariah 4:6, 8-9; see also 1 Chronicles 28:20; Ezra 3:8-11; Zechariah 1:16-17; Zechariah 6:12). This promise reminds believers of the living LORD God's promise in Philippians 1:6, “Being confident of this very thing, that He who has begun a good work in you will complete it until the day of Jesus Christ” (see Philippians 1:6, NKJV). Then, Zerubbabel will know that the living LORD God Almighty has sent His angel (messenger) to Zerubbabel (Zechariah 4:9; see also Zechariah 2:7-9). Zerubbabel is God’s anointed, and he would be descendant of the Cornerstone and Branch – the Lord Jesus Christ (Zechariah 4:7; Zechariah 6:12-15 Zechariah 10:4; see also Psalm 118:22; Daniel 2:43-45; Matthew 21:42-44; Mark 12:10-11; Luke 20:17-18; Acts 4:11).

Then the LORD informed Zechariah to NEVER despises the day of small things nor small beginnings as unimportant (Zechariah 4:10; see also Haggai 2:3-4; Matthew 13:31-32). Some of the people were saddened when the Temple’s foundation was laid and while the Temple was under construction (see Ezra 3:10-13; Haggai 2:3). Although the new Temple seemed small in comparison to King Solomon’s Temple, this new Temple will be filled with the living LORD God’s glory – His Son, the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah) (see Ezra 3:12; Haggai 2:3, 6-7). The LORD assured Zechariah that everyone would rejoice and shout “Grace, Grace” when they see what some biblical translations call the “plummet stone” or “the chosen Capstone” in Zerubbabel’s hands to rebuild and complete the Temple by His Spirit (Zechariah 4:10; see also Zechariah 1:16-17). The living LORD God’s gracious and powerful Spirit working within Zerubbabel and the people’s hands will bring success, completion, and victory! Similarly, the church began with 120 people and today ministers around the world (see Acts 1:15). NOTHING is too small when the living LORD God is the Builder!

Going back to the vision, the interpreting angel informed Zechariah that the seven lamps (or seven facets) in Zerubbabel’s hand represent the seven eyes or the sevenfold Holy Spirit of the living LORD God, which ranges and sees across the whole earth (Zechariah 4:10; see also Zechariah 3:9; Revelation 1:4; Revelation 3:1; Revelation 5:6; Revelation 8:2). While Zerubbabel and the people were working, the eyes of the LORD were watching over His people and monitoring the work. The living LORD God is omnipresent, omnipotent, and omniscient. The eyes of the living LORD God range and patrol throughout the earth to strengthen, support, and protect by His gracious Spirit those whose hearts and minds are fully committed and dependent upon Him (Zechariah 1:8-10; see also e.g.; 2 Chronicles 16:9; Psalm 33:13-15, 18; Psalm 34:15; Proverbs 15:3; Jeremiah 16:17; 1 Peter 3:12). The living LORD God gives His grace and honor to those who walk blamelessly and trust in Him (see also 1 Samuel 2:9; Psalm 84:11-12).

Then the prophet Zechariah asked the interpreting angel about the two olive trees on the right and the left of the lampstand and about the two olive branches that emptied golden oil into gold bowls through two gold tubes or pipes (Zechariah 4:3, 11-12; see also Revelation 11:4). Zechariah informed the interpreting angel he did not understand the meaning of these heavenly objects (see Zechariah 4:5, 13). The interpreting angel informed Zechariah these heavenly objects represented or symbolize the two anointed ones of new oil appointed to serve the living LORD God of all the earth (see Zechariah 4:14). Some biblical translations state these two anointed ones are the two sons of oil who stand before the living LORD God of the whole earth as His anointed instruments.

For centuries, biblical scholars have debated the meaning of the two anointed ones in Zechariah’s vision (see Zechariah 4:3, 11-12, 14). Some biblical scholars believe these two anointed ones in Zechariah’s vision are “the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the God of the earth,” and this prophecy will be fulfilled in the last days of the present age (see Revelation 11:4). However, other biblical scholars argue the two anointed ones who stand by the LORD of the whole earth are Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the prince of Judah. The combination of Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the prince of Judah points ultimately to Jesus, who is the Messianic Priest-King anointed by the living and true LORD God for His service (see also Exodus 29:1, 7; Exodus 40:15; Psalm 110:1-4; Zechariah 6:12-13; Hebrews 7:11, 15, 21; Revelation 1:5).

Whoever the anointed ones are, most biblical scholars agree the oil used in Zechariah’s vision symbolizes the abundant and gracious Holy Spirit who empowers, protects, equips, and strengthens the witnesses (see Zechariah 4:6). Divine grace is an immeasurable power which undergirds the present life of believers. Our calling, our witness, our works are all based on the power of God’s gracious Spirit working within our lives (e.g., see Romans 1:16-17). Amazingly, the living LORD God (Father) sent His one and only Son Jesus Christ with His gracious Spirit, and everyone can receive God’s gracious and empowering Spirit through faith in His Son Jesus (e.g., see John 1:14, 16-18; Acts 11:15-17; Hebrews 10:29). Jesus is One with His Father, the true and living LORD God of heaven (e.g., see John 1:1-3, 18; John 14:6). The early church as displayed in the book of Acts grew and flourished because of God’s gracious Spirit working through believers of Jesus Christ (e.g., see Acts 4:33; Acts 6:8-10; Acts 11:22-24; Acts 14:26). Amazingly, the gracious Spirit is the SAME POWER given to believers of Jesus that the living LORD God used to raise His Son from the grace (see Ephesians 1:19-20)!

References

Amplified Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1987).

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

NLT Study Bible (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Pub., 2008).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Zondervan NIV Study Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).

Butler, Trent C. Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2003).

Wiersbe, Warren W. Bible Exposition Commentary – Old Testament (Victor Books, 1989).

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[1] The Holy Scriptures describes three Temples. The first Temple built and completed by King Solomon but destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BC (e.g., see 1 Kings 5:1-9:10; 2 Kings 25:8-21; Jeremiah 52:12-27). The second Temple was completed under the leadership of Zerubbabel and Joshua after the Babylonian Exile (see Ezra 6:15-16). In the New Testament, Herod the Great expanded the second Temple. All three were located on a prominent hill north of David’s capital city, which he conquered from the Jebusites (see 2 Samuel 5:6-7). The book of Chronicles identifies this hill with Mount Moriah, where Abraham had been willing to offer Isaac (2 Chronicles 3:1; see also Genesis 22:1-14). Thus, the Temple mount in Jerusalem is called Mount Moriah. Today, the Temple’s location is now the site of the Dome of the Rock, center of the Muslim enclosure called Haram es-Sharif (the third holiest place in Islam, after Mecca and Medina). This enclosure is basically what is left of Herod’s enlarged Temple platform, the masonry of which may best be seen in its Western Wall, the holiest place within Judaism since the Roman destruction of Herod’s Temple in AD 70. The Apostle Paul thought of the church and believers of Jesus as the new Temple indwelt with the Holy Spirit (LORD’s Presence) (e.g., see 1 Corinthians 3:16-17; 1 Corinthians 6:19-20; 2 Corinthians 6:16-18). For the Apostle John, the ideal which the Temple represented will ultimately be realized in a “new Jerusalem” (see Revelation 21:2).

God Removes Sin

¹ Then the (interpreting or guiding) angel showed me Jeshua (Joshua) the high priest standing before the Angel of the LORD. The Accuser (Attacker, Adversary) Satan was there at the Angel’s right hand, making accusations against Jeshua (Joshua). ² And the LORD said to Satan, “I, the LORD, reject your accusations, Satan. Yes, the LORD, who has chosen Jerusalem, rebukes you. This man is like a burning stick that has been snatched from the fire.” ³ Jeshua’s clothing was filthy (sins) as he stood there before the Angel. ⁴ So the Angel said to the others (angels) standing there, “Take off his filthy clothes.” And turning to Jeshua (Joshua) He said, “See, I have taken away your sins, and now I am giving you these fine new clothes.” …  ⁶ Then the Angel of the LORD spoke very solemnly to Jeshua (Joshua) and said, ⁷ “This is what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies says: If you follow My ways and carefully serve Me, then you will be given authority over My Temple and its courtyards. I will let you walk among these others (angels) standing here ….” Zechariah 3:1-4, 6-7, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

There is an old saying, “No one is perfect, and we are all sinners.” That is so true as EVERYONE has sinned and fallen short of the high holy standards set by the true and living LORD God (e.g., see Isaiah 64:6; Romans 3:9, 23; Romans 5:12). Even God’s chosen people (the Jews) and their leader and high priest Joshua (Jeshua) sinned before the holy LORD God and stand condemned (Zechariah 3:1; see also Zechariah 2:8). Sadly, the Attacker and Accuser, the Satan, stands ready to bring our many sins before the living and holy LORD God (Zechariah 3:1; see also 1 Peter 5:8-9; Revelation 12:10). However, there is GOOD NEWS for our sins and condemnation (e.g., see Romans 8:1, 33-34, 39)!

In the opening verses of chapter 3, Zechariah is once again accompanied by a guiding or interpreting angel (see Zechariah 3:1). Throughout Zechariah’s prophecy, a guiding or interpreting angel reviewed Zechariah’s understanding and explained his many night visions from the LORD (e.g., see Zechariah 1:9, 13-14, 19, 21; Zechariah 2:2-3; Zechariah 4:1, 4-5, 10-13; Zechariah 5:5, 10; Zechariah 6:4-6). Now in chapter 3, the interpreting angel showed the prophet Zechariah the high priest Joshua (Jeshua)[1] as Joshua stood before the Angel of the LORD while the Accuser and Attacker, the Satan, was accusing and attacking him (see Zechariah 3:1). Joshua stood before the LORD as a representative of Israel. The living LORD God treasured and called Israel a be His Kingdom of priests and a holy nation serve Him for His glory and honor (Exodus 19:5-6; see also Deuteronomy 7:6; 1 Peter 2:5, 9; Revelation 1:5-6; Revelation 5:10). Some biblical scholars describe this scene in Zechariah 3 as a heavenly courtroom with the Attacker (the Satan) as the prosecuting attorney accusing Joshua and his people for their many wrongdoings and demanding the LORD God’s punishment (see Zechariah 3:1).

In Zechariah’s prophecy, Zechariah sees once again the “Angel of the LORD” (Zechariah 1:7-8, 10-12; see also Genesis 16:7-13; Genesis 21:17; Exodus 14:19-20; Exodus 23:20-26). Beginning with chapter 1, Zechariah had a vision of the Angel of the LORD leading a heavenly army or cavalry astride red, brown, and white horses, and this heavenly army patrols the earth for the LORD God (Zechariah 1:8, 10; see also Zechariah 6:2-7). Amazingly, the book of Revelation also references these heavenly horsemen (see Revelation 6:2-8).

For centuries, biblical scholars have debated the identity of “Angel of the LORD.” Many biblical scholars believe this Angel of the LORD is the Second Person of the Godhead (Trinity) – Jesus Christ (Messiah). Biblical scholars refer to the Jesus’ appearance during Old Testament times as a Christophany where Jesus appeared as a Revealer or Messenger of the living LORD God. Other scholars believe the Angel of the LORD is a Theophany or a self-manifestation of the living LORD God. However, other scholars believe the Angel of the LORD is a spokesman or messenger for the living LORD God. In Hebrew, “malʾach” or “mal’ak” means “messenger.” The Hebrew word “malʾach” or “mal’ak” in the Old Testament is equivalent to the New Testament Greek word “angelos.” The words “malʾach” or “mal’ak” and “angelos” mean “messenger.”

Amazingly in Zechariah’s prophecy, the Angel of the LORD reports directly to the living LORD God Almighty as He pleads for compassion, forgiveness, and mercy upon Jerusalem (see Zechariah 1:11-13; Zechariah 3:1; Zechariah 12:8). Importantly, the Holy Scriptures teach that the Angel of the LORD encamps and positions around those who fear, honor, and obey the living LORD God to deliver, protect, and rescue them from harm (e.g., see Exodus 23:20-26; Psalm 34:7; 2 Kings 6:16-17; Daniel 3:28; Daniel 6:22; Acts 12:11). The living LORD God sends His holy messengers to rescues and saves those who love and trust in Him (e.g., see Psalm 34:8; Daniel 3:28-29; Daniel 6:22, 27). Even more, for the eyes of the living LORD range throughout the earth to strengthen, favor, and support those whose hearts are FULLY depended and committed to Him (e.g., see 2 Chronicles 16:8-9; Psalm 33:17-19; Psalm 34:15-16; Proverbs 15:3; Hebrews 4:13; 1 Peter 3:12).

Zechariah’s prophecy is filled with angelic beings. Angels are created beings whose primary function is to serve and worship the living LORD God, who is the glorious King and Judge of all the universe (e.g., see Isaiah 6:1-5; Matthew 18:10; Revelation 4:1-2, 9-11; Revelation 5:11-14; Revelation 7:11-12). Some Hebrew biblical translations refer to angels as “sons of God” (e.g., see Genesis 6:2; Job 1:6). Moreover, angels stand in the very Presence of the living LORD God Almighty (Yahweh also known as Jehovah) to be used for His sovereign and divine purposes (e.g., see Zechariah 6:5; Luke 1:19). Essentially, angels are messengers or servants of the living LORD God and must NEVER be worshipped (e.g., Revelation 19:10; Revelation 22:8-9). Furthermore, angelic beings are part of the living LORD God’s heavenly court or heavenly army; therefore, the Holy Scriptures sometimes refers to the living LORD God as the LORD of Hosts or the GOD-of-the-Angel-Armies (e.g., see Genesis 6:2-4; 1 Samuel 1:3; Job 1:6; Job 2:1; Psalm 29:1-4; Psalm 82:1, 8; Psalm 89:5-8; Luke 2:13-15; Revelation 19:14). Human beings such a true prophet of God is privileged to visit and see the heavenly council of the LORD (e.g., see 1 Kings 22:19-23; Job 15:8; Jeremiah 23:18, 22). Additionally, Hebrews 1:14 confirms that heavenly angels help and serve God’s people (believers) at the living LORD God’s will and direction (see also Exodus 14:19-20; Daniel 12:1). At the Lord Jesus’ Second Coming (Advent), He will come with the heavenly angels to both judge and bless (e.g., see Matthew 13:36-43; Matthew 24:30-31; Mark 13:26-27; Luke 20:35; 2 Thessalonians 1:7-10; Jude 1:14-16; Revelation 14:14-20).

Moreover, the Holy Scriptures refer to “archangels,” who are called the mightiest of angels (e.g., see Daniel 10:10-14, 18-21; Daniel 12:1; 1 Thessalonians 4:16; Jude 9; Revelation 12:7-9). Jewish apocalyptic literature of the postexilic period described seven archangels who stand in the Presence of God: Suruel, Raphael, Raguel, Michael, Gabriel, Remiel, and Uriel (Daniel 8:16; Daniel 9:21; Luke 1:19, 26; see also Tobit 12:15; 1 Enoch 20:1-7; 1 Enoch 9:1; 1 Enoch 40:9).

In the Holy Scriptures, including the book of Zechariah, the Satan appeared before the living LORD God Almighty in His heavenly court (Zechariah 3:1-3; see also Job 1:6-12; Job 2:1-6; Ephesians 6:12). Zechariah’s portrayal of Satan echoes the stories in Genesis 3 and Job chapters 1 and 2. Satan has supernatural powers to oppress, tempt, deceive, and harm people and to test a person’s allegiance and faithfulness to the living LORD God Almighty (e.g., see Job 1:9-11; Matthew 4:1-11; Matthew 17:14-18; Luke 13:16; Luke 22:3, 31-32; 1 Thessalonians 3:5). Sadly, Satan and his evil spirits are present in the LORD’s heavenly court but for malicious intent! The Holy Scriptures teaches you can recognize Satan and his evil minions by their bad fruit and bad deeds. Satan and his evil minions are liars, deceivers, adulterous, greedy, unforgiving, drunkards, selfish, prideful, murderers, divisive; and thieves (e.g., see Matthew 7:15-23; John 8:44; John 10:10; Jude 1:12, 16, 19; Revelation 12:9). From the very beginning, Satan has been sinning as the lawless one (e.g., see 1 John 3:8).

However, the living LORD God Almighty CONTROLS, REBUKES, and CONSTRAINS Satan and his evil spirits for His divine purposes and will (Zechariah 3:1-3; see also 1 Samuel 16:13-14; 1 Kings 22:19-23; Job 1:6-12; Job 2:1-8; Psalm 109:6; Luke 22:31). The living LORD God and His Son Jesus can deliver anyone FROM and PROTECT one from Satan and his evil minions (e.g., see Matthew 6:13; John 17:15; Acts 26:15-18). Importantly, the living LORD God Almighty turns people over to Satan and his evil alliance who disobeys Him and refuse to walk in His good and holy ways (e.g., see Luke 22:31; 1 Corinthians 5:5; 1 Timothy 1:20). Through one’s evil and lawless lives, the living LORD God Almighty allows such disobedient and rebellious people to experience the unrest, chaos, depression, destruction, and depravity of the Satan and his evil alliance (e.g., see Romans 1:18-32; Jude 1:10-11).

In Zechariah 3, the living LORD God Almighty turned to Satan and said, “The LORD rebuke you, Satan! The LORD, who has chosen Jerusalem, rebuke you! Is not this man a burning stick snatched from the fire?” (see Zechariah 3:2, New International Version). Satan stood attacking and accusing Joshua and God’s chosen people, the Jews (see Zechariah 3:1-2). However, the living LORD God rebuked and protected Joshua and His chosen people from Satan (Zechariah 3:2; see also Deuteronomy 4:20; Zechariah 1:16-17). The living LORD God once again plucked, redeemed, and saved His people out of the fires and dangers (Zechariah 3:2; see also Deuteronomy 4:20; Isaiah 48:10; Isaiah 43:1-6)! The people of Zechariah’s generation REPENTED, CONFESSED THEIR SINS, and RETURNED to the living LORD God with wholehearted faith and obedience to Him (Zechariah 1:3, 6, 16; see also 2 Chronicles 7:14; Isaiah 44:22; Daniel 9:2-19; Malachi 3:7). Because of the people’s repentance and confession, the living LORD God FORGAVE all their sins and RESTORED His people with this blessings, mercy, and grace (Zechariah 3:4; see also 1 John 1:5-7, 9). The living LORD God returned to His people and removed His people from Satan, our enemy, as well as restored His people to carry out His plan to bless the world (e.g., see Genesis 12:1-3; Ephesians 6:16)! Amazingly, Zechariah’s prophecy matches his name, which means “The LORD (Yahweh) remembers.”

Unlike the previous generations, Zechariah’s generation followed the prophet’s message of repentance and obedience, and the living LORD God returned to His people with His abundant grace, mercy, and forgiveness (Zechariah 1:3-6, 12-13, 16-17; Zechariah 2:5, 10-13; see also Proverbs 28:13; 1 John 1:9). The living LORD God’s Name and nature is “compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in love and faithfulness ….” (e.g., see Exodus 34:5-7; Numbers 14:18; Psalm 85:15). As James proclaims in the New Testament: “Draw near to God and He will draw near to you” (James 4:8, NKJV). Through their repentance and obedience, the living LORD God rescued and redeemed His people and forgave His people of ALL their sins (Zechariah 1:3, 6; Zechariah 2:6; Zechariah 3:2, 4; see also Isaiah 64:6, 8-9; Haggai 1:13; Haggai 2:4-5). In fact, the living LORD God was removing Joshua and His chosen people from the fire of hell, great trials, and Satanic attacks and restoring them to their role as a kingdom of priests and a holy nation (Zechariah 3:2; see also Exodus 19:5-6; 1 Peter 2:5, 9; Revelation 1:5-6; Revelation 5:10).

The living LORD God wants to restore, comfort, protect, and bless His people through their repentance, humility, and obedience to Him and His covenant (Zechariah 1:3, 13; see also Leviticus 26:40-41; 2 Chronicles 7:13-15, 17; Proverbs 2:6-7; Isaiah 40:1-2; Isaiah 55:6-7; James 4:10). As the Holy Scriptures teaches, the living LORD God wants EVERYONE to live good, peaceful, moral, and truthful lives in His world and to seek Him and not deceptive, adulterous, and evil (Zechariah 7:8-10; Zechariah 8:14-17, 19; see also e.g., Micah 6:6-8; Zephaniah 2:3; Matthew 6:33). The living LORD God loves righteousness, goodness, fairness, and mercy, but He hates robbery, falsehood, and wrongdoing (e.g., see Genesis 18:19; Isaiah 1:17; Isaiah 5:16; Isaiah 61:8). Therefore, the living LORD God declared to Zechariah:

¹⁴ “Just as I had determined to bring disaster upon you and showed no pity when your fathers angered Me, … ¹⁵ so now I have determined to do good again to Jerusalem and Judah. Do not be afraid. ¹⁶ These are the things you are to do: Speak the truth to each other and render true and sound judgment in your courts; ¹⁷ do not plot evil against your neighbor, and do not love to swear falsely. I hate all this, … ¹⁹ … Therefore, love truth and peace.” Zechariah 8:14-17, 19, New International Version

The Holy Scriptures teaches that Satan and his evil alliance only come to kill, steal, deceive, and destroy, but the living LORD God gives life, peace, and protection through faith and obedience to Him (e.g., see Genesis 3:1; John 10:10; John 15:1-5; John 16:33). Satan and his evil alliance are our enemies, tempters, and accusers. In fact, Satan means “accuser” or “adversary” in Hebrew. Israel understood one of Satan’s roles is to bringing accusations, harm, and attacks against people in the heavenly council or Throne Room of God (e.g., see Job 1:6-12; Matthew 4:1-11; 1 Peter 5:8; Revelation 12:17). However, the living LORD God sends His angels as barriers or hedges of divine protection for His people against Satan and his evil attackers (e.g., see Job 1:8-10; Psalm 3:3; Psalm 34:7; Psalm 91:11; Hebrews 1:14). Even more important, the LORD God sent His Son the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah) to rescue and redeem believers in Him and His Son from the dominion of darkness and brought us into the Kingdom of His Son (e.g., see Colossians 1:12-14). Believers in the Lord Jesus Christ have His armor as spiritual security (see Ephesians 6:10-19).

Importantly, the living LORD God of heaven (Yahweh also designated Jehovah) is the ONLY God and King of all the earth (e.g., see Daniel 2:46-47; Daniel 7:11, 26-27). Yahweh is the Most-High God, and He is the holy and sovereign Ruler and God over all human kingdoms (e.g., see Daniel 4:3, 17, 25-27, 32, 34-35, 37; Daniel 5:21; Isaiah 45:5-7). The living LORD God is One with His Son, the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah) (e.g., see John 1:1-5, 14, 18; John 10:30; John 14:6, 9, 21, 24; John 17:11, 21). The living LORD God is our Creator, and we must love, obey, honor, respect, and worship Him only with all our hearts, souls, minds, and strength (e.g., see Exodus 20:3-5; Deuteronomy 6:4-6; 13, 16; Deuteronomy 8:13; Daniel 5:24; Daniel 6:25-28; Matthew 22:37). Even more, the living LORD God commands ALL PEOPLE – young, old, rich, poor, black, white, powerful, and week – to REPENT and TURN from their sins and obey Him by doing what is right and good (e.g., see Isaiah 55:6-7; Daniel 4:27).

As Joshua stood before the Angel of the LORD, Joshua’s clothing was filthy and dirty (see Zechariah 3:3). More precisely, Joshua’s garments were soiled with excrements (human waste)! Then, the Angel of the LORD said to the other angelic beings standing there, “Remove his filthy clothing” (Zechariah 3:4; see also Isaiah 61:3, 10). Turning to Joshua, the Angel of the LORD said, “See, I have taken away your sins, and now I am giving you these fine new clothes” (Zechariah 3:4, 9; see also Isaiah 6:7; Isaiah 61:10; Jeremiah 31:34; Ezekiel 36:24-28; Micah 7:18-20; 2 Corinthians 5:21; Revelation 7:14). In other words, the living LORD God removed Joshua and His people from Satan (Belial) and his destructive and attacking spirits, and cloth Joshua with His righteousness. In the New Testament, another beautiful image of the living LORD God’s restoration and blessings is the prodigal son (e.g., see Luke 15:21-24). By His grace, the living LORD God removed and forgave Joshua’s sins – his outer filthy garments (see also Revelation 19:8). Next, the prophet Zechariah asked the Angel of the LORD to place a clean turban on Joshua’s head, and the heavenly angels gave Joshua a clean turban for his head (Zechariah 3:5; see also Exodus 28:36-38; Zechariah 6:11). In this vision, many scholars believe the prophet Zechariah saw the living LORD God reinstating and restoring Joshua as priest of His holy and kingdom people – Israel (e.g., see Exodus 19:5-6; Exodus 29:6).

Then, the Angel of the LORD spoke very seriously to Joshua and said, “This is what the LORD Almighty says: ‘If you will walk in My ways and keep My requirements, then you will govern My house and have charge of My courts, and I will give you a place among these standing here” (see Zechariah 3:6-7, New International Version). Thus, Joshua’s punishment for sins had been taken away and forgiven (see Zechariah 3:4)! Now, the living LORD God instructed Joshua and His people to follow His righteous paths and obey His holy commands. If Joshua and the people would remain faithful and obey, then the living LORD God would place Joshua in charge of His Temple, to keep it holy; and He would let Joshua walk in and out of His Presence with His holy angels (Zechariah 3:7; Zechariah 6:15; see also Genesis 26:5; Jeremiah 7:23; Romans 7:12; 2 Corinthians 5:6-10). In other words, the living LORD God gives us FREE access to Him and His blessed Presence through our holy and obedient living! The living LORD God would allow His obedient people free access to His Throne Room (also known as the heavenly court) (see Zechariah 3:7). The living and sovereign LORD God Almighty is merciful and ready to forgive EVERYONE who genuinely and humbly REPENTS of their sins and TURN wholeheartedly to Him with all LOVE, FAITHFULNESS, and OBEDIENCE (e.g., see Exodus 34:6-7; Leviticus 26:40-43; Psalm 103:8-13; Daniel 9:9; Micah 7:18-19; 1 John 1:9). In other words, Joshua and the people’s restoration and blessings from God were contingent on their repentance, obedience, and faithfulness (see Zechariah 3:6-7). God’s blessings always involve responsibility, and we must never take forgiveness for granted!

Nothing sinful and evil can stand in the continual Presence of the living and holy LORD God nor enter His Kingdom (e.g., see Leviticus 11:44; Isaiah 6:3; Isaiah 60:18-22; Daniel 12:1-3; 1 Corinthians 6:9-11; Galatians 5:19-21; Ephesians 5:5; Revelation 21:8, 27; Revelation 22:14-16). The living LORD God through faith in Him removes our sins and from Satan’s darkness by His grace and mercy not for us to continue sinning but to lead to good works (fruit) and good deeds towards others for His glory (e.g., see Matthew 5:13-16; 1 Corinthians 10:31; Ephesians 2:5, 8-10; Galatians 5:22-23; Ephesians 5:8-11; Revelation 19:7-8). The Holy Scriptures are clear:

²¹ “But if a wicked person turns away from all the sins they have committed and keeps all My decrees and does what is just and right, that person will surely live; they will not die. ²² None of the offenses they have committed will be remembered against them. Because of the righteous things they have done, they will live. ²³ Do I take any pleasure in the death of the wicked? declares the Sovereign LORD. Rather, am I not pleased when they turn from their ways and live?” Ezekiel 18:21-23, New International Version 2011 Edition

The living LORD God is ALWAYS willing and ready to forgive our sins when we REPENT and TURN from our evil ways and evil practices (see Zechariah 1:3-6)! However, once the living LORD God has graciously forgiven our sins, then WE ARE TO SIN NO MORE (e.g., see John 5:14; John 8:11). Everyone who confesses the Name of the LORD must turn away from wickedness, evil, and sin (e.g., see 2 Timothy 2:19; 1 John 3:6-7; 3 John 1:11). The Holy Scriptures are clear that we must NEVER abuse the LORD God’s grace and mercy to live immoral and sinful lives. Sadly, some ungodly people have wormed their way into churches, saying that God’s marvelous grace allows us to live immoral, adulterous, and sinful lives (e.g., see 2 Peter 2:1; Jude 1:4). Instead, the Holy Scriptures call us to use God’s grace to remain true and faithful to God the Father and His Son the Lord Jesus Christ with ALL OUR HEARTS and to rid ourselves of ALL hatred, trickery, falseness, envy, and gossip of every kind (e.g., see Acts 11:23; 1 Peter 2:1-3). The main point of Zechariah’s prophecy is that our obedience and faithfulness to the living LORD God bring His blessings; however, our sin and rebellious bring His judgment!

References to the high priest Joshua also appear throughout the post-exilic books of Ezra, Nehemiah, and Haggai along with Zechariah (e.g., see Ezra 2:2; Ezra 3:1-2; Ezra 5:2; Ezra 10:18; Nehemiah 12:1, 8; Haggai 1:1-2, 12; Haggai 2:4; Zechariah 3:1-10; Zechariah 6:9-15). The living LORD God used Joshua along with Zerubbabel to rebuild Jerusalem and the Temple after the Babylonian invasions of the land from 605 BC, then 597 BC, and finally 586 BC (e.g., see 2 Kings 24:8-17; 2 Kings 25:1-21; 2 Chronicles 36:17-21; Ezra 3:1-3; Haggai 1:12-15; Haggai 2:4; Jeremiah 52:4-27). Joshua was Israel’s high priest, and Zerubbabel was the governor and also a descendant of King David (e.g., see Haggai 1:1, 12; Haggai 2:4; Matthew 1:12-13; Luke 3:27). Both Joshua and Zerubbabel were instrumental leaders in rebuilding and restoring Jerusalem and the Temple (e.g., see also Haggai 1:13-15; Zechariah 4:6-10).

Next, the Angel of LORD informed Joshua the high priest and all other priests that they were illustrations and signs of the good things to come (see Zechariah 3:8). Joshua and his fellow priests represented the LORD’s Righteous Servant – the Branch (Semah) whom He would send (Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12-13; see also Isaiah 4:2; Isaiah 11:1-2; Isaiah 42:1; Isaiah 53:2; Jeremiah 23:5-6; Jeremiah 33:15-16; Ezekiel 17:22-24; Zechariah 6:12). Even more, this Servant-Branch would become a powerful and all-seeing Capstone (omniscience) that will defeat and destroy the forces of evil and sin in a single day (Zechariah 3:9; Zechariah 4:7, 10; see also Psalm 118:22-23; Isaiah 8:14; Isaiah 28:16; Daniel 2:35, 45; Revelation 5:6). Even more, this Servant-Branch will rebuild the living LORD God’s Temple and will be clothed with majesty as both King and Priest (see Zechariah 6:11-15). Even more important, the living LORD God of heaven will set up an eternal Kingdom headed by His Servant-Branch that shall never be destroyed but break into pieces all human kingdoms by the all-seeing Capstone (e.g., see Daniel 2:43-45; Matthew 21:42-44; Luke 1:30-33; Luke 22:28-30; John 18:36; Revelation 11:15).

That predicted Branch and Capstone is the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah, also means the Anointed One) (e.g., see Acts 4:10-12). The living LORD God Almighty sent His Son Jesus as a Servant, High Priest, and King into the world (e.g., see Matthew 2:2; Mark 10:45; Romans 1:3-4; Hebrews 4:14). The Lord Jesus Christ is the Foundation Stone or Capstone of the Temple that will reign over all other kingdoms (Zechariah 3:9; see also Daniel 2:34-35; Matthew 21:42; Ephesians 2:19-22; 1 Peter 2:4-10). Through our REPENTANCE and FAITH in the Lord Jesus Christ’s Name, the living LORD God Almighty (the Father) removed the sins of His land in a single day and bring our salvation (Zechariah 3:9; see also Hebrews 2:14; 2 Corinthians 5:21).

Now, since our sins have been forgiven through REPENTANCE and FAITH, believers are commanded to humbly walk in the way of love and light and have no partnership with the ways of darkness (e.g., see Ephesians 5:1-11). Most important, we are commanded to SUBMIT and OBEY to our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, who is Head of the Church (e.g., see Ephesians 5:23-24). Through our repentance and faith in Him, the Lord Jesus Christ has cleansed all our sins, and He cares and provides for ALL our needs for His glory (e.g., see Psalm 23:1; Psalm 118:22-25; Ephesians 5:25-29; Philippians 4:19-20). Even more, the Lord Jesus Christ brings our peace, comfort, and prosperity to enjoy with others (Zechariah 3:10; see also Isaiah 26:3-4; John 16:33).

References

Butler, Trent C. Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2003).

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Zondervan NIV Study Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).

Rogland, Max. Haggai and Zechariah 1-8: A Handbook on the Hebrew Text (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2016).

Wiersbe, Warren W. Bible Exposition Commentary – Old Testament (Victor Books, 1989).

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[1] Jeshua is the Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew name Joshua and the Greek name Jesus. Thus, the Greek name for Jeshua is Jesus, meaning “the LORD saves.” Some scholars see Joshua here in Zechariah’s prophecy as a symbol of Jesus, the Messiah. 

God Loves All People

⁴ The other angel said, “Hurry, and say to that young man (Zechariah), ‘Jerusalem will someday be so full of people and livestock that there will not be room enough for everyone! Many will live outside the city walls. ⁵ Then I, Myself, will be a protective wall of fire around Jerusalem, says the LORD. And I will be the Glory inside the city!’” … ¹⁰ The LORD says, “Shout and rejoice, O beautiful Jerusalem, for I am coming to live among you. ¹¹ Many nations will join themselves to the LORD on that day, and they, too, will be My people. I will live among you, and you will know that the LORD of Heaven’s Armies sent Me to you. ¹² The land of Judah will be the LORD’s special possession in the holy land, and He will once again choose Jerusalem to be His own city. ¹³ Be silent before the LORD, all humanity, for He is springing into action from His holy dwelling.” Zechariah 2:4-5, 10-13, New Living Translation 2^nd Edition

The living LORD God Almighty sent Zechariah by His Spirit to encourage His people to REPENT and COME BACK to Him (see Zechariah 1:1, 3). In the past, the living LORD was very angry and displeased with His people Israel and Judah (collectively now called the Jews) because of their past evil-doing, rebellion, and sin against Him and His covenant (Zechariah 1:2, 4, 12; see also e.g., Jeremiah 2:5-8).

The living LORD God Almighty (Yahweh also called Jehovah) repeatedly sent His holy prophets as messengers to Israel and Judah to encourage as well as warn His people to REPENT and TURN from their evil ways and evil doing (Zechariah 1:4; see also e.g., 2 Chronicles 24:19; 2 Chronicles 36:15; Isaiah 1:16-19; Jeremiah 7:13, 25; Jeremiah 11:7-8; Jeremiah 25:3-4). There were warnings to Israel’s northern kingdom by such prophets as Hosea and Amos. In the southern kingdom of Judah, such prophets as Joel, Micah, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Isaiah, and Jeremiah repeatedly warned of the living LORD God’s judgment against sin and evil doing. The living LORD God, who is Holy and Sovereign, loved His people and had compassion for them (e.g., see 2 Chronicles 36:15-16). However, Israel and Judah rejected the living LORD God’s holy prophets and continued to live in disobedience, sinfulness, and selfishness (Zechariah 1:4; Zechariah 7:11-12; see also e.g., 2 Kings 17:13-15; Jeremiah 35:15).

Because of their sins and unfaithfulness, the living LORD God Almighty severely punished His wayward people and scattered them into Exile away from His Promised Land, Palestine (Zechariah 1:5-6, 21; Zechariah 2:6; Zechariah 7:13-14; Zechariah 8:14; see also Leviticus 26:33; Deuteronomy 28:36-42; 2 Chronicles 36:15-21). Some scholars call this scattering of the Jews the Diaspora (e.g., see Leviticus 26:33; Jeremiah 31:10).[1] In other words, Israel and Judah reaped the consequences of their repeated sins and experienced divine judgment and wrath (e.g., see Ezekiel 18:4, 20; Romans 6:23). The living LORD God turned away from His wicked people! When the living LORD God called and said OBEY His commands, they did not listen; so, when they called, He would not listen to their prayers and fasting (Zechariah 7:13; see also Proverbs 1:24-28; Isaiah 1:15; Jeremiah 7:21-27; Jeremiah 11:10-11, 14). As the Holy Scriptures teaches, the living LORD God Almighty is patient, but He also judges every deed, including every hidden thought, deed, and action, whether good or evil (e.g., see Exodus 34:6-7; Ecclesiastes 12:14; Matthew 12:36-37; Romans 2:16; 1 Corinthians 3:12-15; 2 Corinthians 5:9-10; Hebrews 4:12-13).  

Now, the holy prophet Zechariah announced to God’s people to REPENT and RETURN to the living LORD God with wholehearted faith and obedience to Him (Zechariah 1:3; see also Isaiah 44:22; Malachi 3:7). Zechariah boldly proclaimed that the living LORD God could not come and bless His chosen people until they REPENTED and a made a moral turn from their wickedness (Zechariah 1:3; see also 2 Chronicles 7:14). Repentance and obedience are prerequisites to experience the blessings of the living LORD God and His Kingdom! Unlike the previous generations, these listeners followed Zechariah’s message of repentance and obedience (see Zechariah 1:3-6). Because of this generation repentance and obedience, the living LORD God was returning with His grace and forgiveness (Zechariah 1:3, 6, 16; Zechariah 3:3-7; see also Daniel 9:2-19).

Through their repentance and obedience, the living LORD God promised to return to His people and favor them by His Spirit – the Spirit of the LORD to His people (Zechariah 1:3, 6; Zechariah 2:6; see also Haggai 1:13; Haggai 2:4-5). As James proclaims in the New Testament: “Draw near to God and He will draw near to you” (James 4:8, NKJV). Zechariah’s announcement of the living LORD God’s Presence with His people evokes earlier divine promises to the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob) and to Moses, Solomon, and others (e.g., see Genesis 26:3, 24; Genesis 31:3; Exodus 3:12; 1 Kings 11:38; Isaiah 43:5; Jeremiah 30:11; Jeremiah 42:11; Jeremiah 46:28, etc.). Amazingly, John the Baptist and his Cousin the Lord Jesus Christ had the same message of Zechariah and other prophets – REPENT and bear GOOD FRUIT (lives) and not wicked deeds (e.g., see Matthew 3:1-2, 8, 10; Matthew 4:17; Matthew 5:1-16; Mark 1:14-15; Revelation 2:5, 16, 21-22; Revelation 3:3, 19).  

The living LORD God wanted to restore, comfort, protect, and bless His people through their repentance, humility, and obedience to Him and His covenant (Zechariah 1:3, 13; see also Leviticus 26:40-41; 2 Chronicles 7:13-15, 17; Proverbs 2:6-7; Isaiah 40:1-2; Isaiah 55:6-7; James 4:10). The living LORD God wanted His people to live good, peaceful, and truthful lives in His world and not deceptive and evil (e.g., see Zechariah 7:8-10; Zechariah 8:16, 19). The living LORD God declared to Zechariah:

⁹ “This is what the LORD Almighty says: ‘Administer true justice; show mercy and compassion to one another. ¹⁰ Do not oppress the widow or the fatherless, the alien or the poor. In your hearts do not think evil of each other.’” Zechariah 7:9-10, New International Version

Also, the living LORD God declared to Zechariah:

¹⁴ “Just as I had determined to bring disaster upon you and showed no pity when your fathers angered Me, … ¹⁵ so now I have determined to do good again to Jerusalem and Judah. Do not be afraid. ¹⁶ These are the things you are to do: Speak the truth to each other and render true and sound judgment in your courts; ¹⁷ do not plot evil against your neighbor, and do not love to swear falsely. I hate all this, … ¹⁹ … Therefore, love truth and peace.” Zechariah 8:14-17, 19, New International Version

Then, the living LORD through His holy angels gave His prophet Zechariah various night visions (Zechariah 1:7-6:15; see also Revelation 1:1; Revelation 22:6, 16). Many biblical scholars believe Zechariah saw these various night visions in one-night. Angelic beings feature prominently in these visions with divine communication. In these night visions, the prophet Zechariah meets the “Angel of the Lord” as well as other heavenly angels as messengers of the true and sovereign LORD.

Also, these night visions include what many scholars call an “interpreting angel” who explained to Zechariah the meaning of these various night visions (see Zechariah 1:9, 13-14, 19; Zechariah 2:3; Zechariah 4:1, 4-5; Zechariah 5:10; Zechariah 6:4-5). Many times, throughout these night visions, the prophet Zechariah asked questions of an “interpreting angel” separate and distinct from the “Angel of the Lord,” and Zechariah received answers from this interpreting angel repeatedly throughout his prophecy (Zechariah 1:9, 13-14, 19, 21; Zechariah 2:2-3; Zechariah 4:1, 4-5, 10-13; Zechariah 5:5, 10; Zechariah 6:4-6). Amazingly, Zechariah’s night visions have many similarities to Charles Dickens’ classic where Ebenezer Scrooge who was also accompanied by the ghosts of Christmas past, Christmas present, and Christmas future. Like Scrooge’s vision, Zechariah’s visions were all received in one night. Like Scrooge’s ghost, the interpreting angel was present throughout to review Zechariah’s understanding and explain the night visions.

In the first night vision, Zechariah saw the “Angel of the Lord” riding a red horse. Then, the Angel of the Lord was standing among some myrtle trees in a valley ravine (Zechariah 1:7-8, 10-12; see also Genesis 16:10). Behind the Angel of the Lord were other horses that were copper red, sorrel (reddish-brown or speckle), and white, each with its rider (see Zechariah 1:8, 10). Zechariah has a vision of the Angel of the Lord leading a heavenly army or cavalry astride red, brown, and white horses (see also Zechariah 6:2-7). Amazingly, the book of Revelation also references these heavenly horsemen (see Revelation 6:2-8).  

For centuries, biblical scholars have debated the identity of “Angel of the Lord.” Many biblical scholars believe this Angel of the Lord is the Second Person of the Godhead (Trinity) – Jesus the Messiah (Christ) or a Christophany – and Jesus appeared as a Revealer of the living LORD God. Other scholars believe the Angel of the Lord is a Theophany or a self-manifestation of the living LORD God. However, other scholars believe the Angel of the Lord is a spokesman or messenger for the living LORD God. In Hebrew, “malʾach” means “messenger.”

In the Old Testament times, the Angel of the Lord appeared several times as the “Presence” of God. In the Old Testament, the Angel of the Lord appeared to the slave girl Hagar (see Genesis 16:7-14; Genesis 21:17-21), Abraham (see Genesis 18:1-19:1; Genesis 22:11-18), Jacob (see Genesis 31:11, 13), Moses (see Exodus 3:1-6), Joshua before the fall of Jericho (see Joshua 5:13-15), the ancient Israelites (see Exodus 23:20-33, Judges 2:1-4), the poor farmer Gideon (see Judges 6:11-23), Samson’s parents (see Judges 13:3-22), to Daniel and his three friends, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego (see Daniel 3:19, 24-25, 28; Daniel 6:22) and now to the prophet Zechariah (see Zechariah 1:11-12; Zechariah 3:1; Zechariah 12:8). In Zechariah’s prophet, the Angel of the Lord reports directly to the living LORD God Almighty as He pleads for compassion upon Jerusalem (see Zechariah 1:13).

Then, the interpreting angel stood beside the prophet Zechariah, and Zechariah asked the angel, “Sir, what are all those horses for?” (see Zechariah 1:9). However, the Angel of the Lord answered and informed Zechariah that He and the other horsemen were sent by the living LORD God to patrol and walk the earth (Zechariah 1:10-11; see also Zechariah 6:2-8). The Holy Scriptures speak of the living LORD God as the LORD of Hosts because He is the Leader of His powerful angelic army or heavenly court that patrols the earth and carries out His orders (Zechariah 6:2-8; see also e.g., Deuteronomy 33:2; 1 Kings 22:19; Job 1:6-7; Job 2:1-2; Daniel 7:9-10). Also, these holy angels are ministering spirits sent to serve and help those who will inherit salvation, and they report back to the living LORD God (Zechariah 4:10-11; see also Hebrews 1:14).

Next, the other heavenly riders (messengers) reported to the Angel of the Lord that they had patrolled the whole earth and everywhere there was prosperity, quiet, and peace (see Zechariah 1:11, 15). Upon hearing this report, the Angel of the Lord prayed this prayer: “O LORD Almighty, for seventy years Your anger has raged against Jerusalem and the cities of Judah. How long will it be until You again show mercy to them?” (Zechariah 1:12, The Living Bible Translation). The Angel of the Lord pleaded with the LORD God to end His judgment against Israel and Judah and have mercy on His people (Zechariah 1:12; see also Psalm 80:4; Psalm 89:46).

As mentioned earlier, the living LORD God was previously anger with His people and hid His Presence and goodness because of their many sins and wickedness (e.g., Isaiah 1:15; Isaiah 5:1-7; Isaiah 57:17). For a moment, the living LORD God turned away from His wicked and disobedient people but now He was returning (e.g., see Isaiah 47:6; Isaiah 54:7-8). The living LORD God informed His holy prophet Jeremiah that He would again return to His people after seventy years of judgment (Exile) from His Promised Land with peace and overflowing prosperity (Jeremiah 25:11-12; Jeremiah 29:10-14; see also Isaiah 57:18-20; Daniel 9:2-3). The living LORD God promises that when we wholehearted return to Him with repentance and faith, He would return to us with His healing, peace, blessings, and full restoration (e.g., see Hosea 6:1; Matthew 4:17, 23-25; John 16:33; Philippians 4:4-7). The living LORD God brings His perfect peace to those who keep their minds and hearts depended upon Him (e.g., see Isaiah 26:3-4). Nevertheless, the living LORD God does NOT give His peace to the wicked who turns their minds and hearts away from Him (e.g., see Isaiah 48:22; Isaiah 57:19-21). Truly, there is no peace for the wicked!

Next, the living LORD God answered the interpreting angel who stood beside Zechariah, speaking words of grace, kindness, goodness, comfort, and assurance for His people (Zechariah 1:13; see also Isaiah 40:1-2; Isaiah 57:18-19). In other words, the living LORD God promises His repentant, humble, and faithful people a bright future, hope, and comfort (Zechariah 1:13, 16-17; Zechariah 8:15; see also Jeremiah 29:10-11). The living LORD God loves the people of this world (e.g., see John 3:16).

Then the interpreting angel said to Zechariah:

¹⁴ “Shout this message for all to hear: ‘This is what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies says: My love for Jerusalem and Mount Zion is passionate and strong. ¹⁵ But I am very angry with the other nations that are now enjoying peace and security. I was only a little angry with My people, but the nations inflicted harm on them far beyond My intentions. ¹⁶ “‘Therefore, this is what the LORD says: I have returned to show mercy to Jerusalem. My Temple will be rebuilt, says the LORD of Heaven’s Armies, and measurements will be taken for the reconstruction of Jerusalem.’ ¹⁷ “Say this also: ‘This is what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies says: The towns of Israel will again overflow with prosperity, and the LORD will again comfort Zion and choose Jerusalem as His own.’” Zechariah 1:14-17, New Living Bible 2^nd Edition

The interpreting holy angel wanted to assure Zechariah that the living LORD God still loved His people Israel and Judah with a jealous love (Zechariah 1:14; Zechariah 2:8; Zechariah 8:1-2; see also Exodus 20:5; Deuteronomy 5:9; Joel 2:18). However, now the living LORD God was very angry with the Gentile (non-Jewish or heathen) nations that He used to punish His people’s sinfulness because these Gentile nations went too far with their punishment and disaster to annihilate Israel and Judah (Zechariah 1:15; see also Joel 3:2). Now, these foreign nations would experience divine judgment and wrath (see Zechariah 1:15). Even more, the living LORD God promised to return to His people with mercy and compassion, and He also promised to rebuild Jerusalem and His Temple (Zechariah 1:16; see also Zechariah 2:10-12; Zechariah 8:2-3). Now, His people and the new Jerusalem Temple will once again overflow with the living LORD God’s Presence – abundant prosperity, peace, blessings, and comfort (Zechariah 1:17; see also Zechariah 2:4-5).

In the second night vision, Zechariah looked and saw four animal horns! Zechariah asked the interpreting angel with him, “What are these?” (see Zechariah 1:18-19). The interpreting angel informed Zechariah, “They represent the four world powers that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem” (see Zechariah 1:20, The Living Bible Translation). Next, the LORD revealed to Zechariah four blacksmiths (craftsmen), and Zechariah asked for the meaning of these four blacksmiths (craftsmen) (see Zechariah 1:20-21). The LORD replied to Zechariah, “These are the horns that scattered Judah so that no one could raise his head, but the craftsmen have come to terrify them and throw down these horns of the nations who lifted up their horns against the land of Judah to scatter its people” (see Zechariah 1:21, New International Version). In other words, the nations that devastated Palestine would also be devastated and destroyed. The living LORD God still loved His people – the Jews, and He would destroy and defeat any weapon, tongue, or nations that came against His chosen people – Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem (e.g., see Zechariah 12:1-9; Isaiah 54:16-17). As a side note, all obedient believers of Jesus Christ have been grafted and become apart of the living LORD God’s chosen people – the Jews (e.g., see John 1:12-13; John 11:52; Galatians 3:26-29).

Then in the third night vision, Zechariah looked around and he saw a man carrying a yardstick or tape measure in his hand (Zechariah 2:1; see also Ezekiel 40:3; Revelation 11:1; Revelation 21:15-17). Zechariah asked the man, “Where are you going?” and the man said he was measuring Jerusalem (see Zechariah 2:2). The man wanted to see whether Jerusalem is big enough for all the people (see Zechariah 2:2)! The living LORD God planned to fully restore and rebuild His people – Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem – and return with His favor, peace, and prosperity (Zechariah 1:16-17; see also Jeremiah 31:38-40; Ezekiel 36:8-12). The living LORD God’s promises to Abraham, Moses, David and the other prophets will be fulfilled, and Israel and Judah will be a blessing to all nations will be fulfilled (e.g., see Genesis 12:1-3; Exodus 19:5-6; 2 Samuel 7:7:12-16; Isaiah 2:2-4; Isaiah 44:28; Amos 9:11-15).

Next, the interpreting angel and another angel came forward to talk Zechariah (Zechariah 2:3; see also Zechariah 1:9, 19). The angels informed Zechariah that in the future Jerusalem will become a city without walls — bursting with people and bursting with animals to never again be destroyed (Zechariah 2:4; see also e.g., Isaiah 49:19; Jeremiah 31:23-28; Zechariah 14:10-11). Even more, the angels told Zechariah that many will live outside the city walls, with all their many cattle — and yet they will be safe (see Zechariah 2:4). The living LORD God Himself be a wall of fire protecting the people and all Jerusalem (His Daughter and Bride), and He will live within and become the Glory of the city with His radiant Presence and everlasting Light (Zechariah 2:5, 10-11; see also Psalm 125:1-2; Isaiah 60:18-20; Revelation 21:1-4, 10-11, 22-26). Zechariah’s vision is symbolic of the living LORD God’s divine protection of His obedient people (see Zechariah 9:8) In the Holy City, all God’s people – Jews and Gentiles (non-Jews) will be righteous and nothing impure, deceitful, and evil will ever enter (see e.g., Isaiah 60:18-22; Galatians 5:19-21; Daniel 12:1-3; Revelation 21:8, 27; Revelation 22:14-16).

Through the prophet Zechariah, the living LORD God told His people to come back to Him and His Promised Land, Zion in the land of Palestine (Zechariah 2:6-7; see also Isaiah 48:20). The living LORD God Almighty was redeeming His people! As mentioned earlier, even though the living LORD God had previously scattered and punished His disobedient people, He was now calling His people to REPENT and turn from their sins with their whole hearts and RETURN to Him and His Land (Zechariah 1:3; Zechariah 7:13-14; see also Leviticus 26:33; Deuteronomy 4:27; Deuteronomy 28:64-67; Jeremiah 3:16-21; Jeremiah 31:10-12; 2 Corinthians 6:16-18). The living LORD God wanted to come and live amongst His obedient people and live within their hearts (e.g., see Leviticus 26:12; Psalm 85:9; Isaiah 12:1-2; Ezekiel 11:16-21).

Moreover, the living LORD God still loved Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem as they were the apple of His eye (Zechariah 2:8; see also Deuteronomy 32:10). The living LORD God loved His chosen people and was jealous for their affections and wholehearted devotion (e.g., Exodus 20:5; Deuteronomy 4:24; Deuteronomy 5:9; Deuteronomy 6:15). Therefore, the living LORD God sent His Glory against the nations that hurt and harmed His people (Zechariah 2:8-9; see also John 17:5). The living LORD God promised to punish and turn against His people’s enemies that mistreated and abused Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem (Zechariah 1:15, 20-21; see also Isaiah 52:12; Jeremiah 51:6). God’s people – those who honor and place their faith in Him and His Son Jesus – are precious to the living LORD God (e.g., see Psalm 103:13; John 1:12-13).

Then, the living LORD God – who is the great King over all the earth – encouraged His people to sing and rejoice because He and His Presence promised to be with them to bring His blessings, healing, and restoration (Zechariah 2:5, 10; see also Psalm 47:1-2, 6-7; Isaiah 12:4-6; Isaiah 65:18-19; Isaiah 66:1-3; Ezekiel 37:26-27; Zephaniah 3:16-20; Zechariah 8:2-3; Revelation 21:3-4). Since the beginning, the living LORD God wanted a personal and intimate relationship with His obedient people to bless them (e.g., see Exodus 25:8; Leviticus 26:9-12; Numbers 23:21). In His first coming, the Lord Jesus Christ (Messiah) – who is the Son of the living God and King – came and brought the Kingdom of God along with Kingdom’s blessings, healing, and restoration to all that came to Him in faith (Zechariah 9:9; see also Matthew 4:17, 23-25; Matthew 21:5; John 1:1-5, 14, 16, 18; John 20:30-31). One day, the kingdom of the world will become the Kingdom of our Lord and of His Messiah (Jesus), and He will reign forever and ever with His holy people (e.g., see Revelation 11:15; Revelation 21:3-4, 7-8).

In the future, many Gentile nations (non-Jews) will come to and join the living LORD God and His people the Jews, and they too shall worship and become God’s people and His glorious Presence will be with them (Zechariah 2:10-11; see also Isaiah 2:2-3; Micah 4:1-2; Zechariah 8:8, 20-23). Even more, the land of Judah shall be the LORD’s inheritance in the Holy Land - Palestine, for the living LORD God shall once more again bless Jerusalem (Zion) – His chosen city – where His Name can be glorified (Zechariah 2:12; see also 2 Chronicles 6:4-6; Zechariah 1:16-17; Zechariah 3:2).

Therefore, the prophet Zechariah proclaims to all people to be silent and humble themselves before the living LORD God for He will come to earth from heaven, which is His holy home (Zechariah 2:13; see also Habakkuk 2:20). The living LORD God will be King over the whole earth and on that day, there will be one LORD, and His Name only will be worshipped and celebrated (Zechariah 14:9, 16; see also Philippians 2:10-11).

Reference

Amplified Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1987).

Apologetics Study Bible: Understanding Why You Believe (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2012).

ESV Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).

NLT Study Bible (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Pub., 2008).

Ryrie Study Bible (Chicago, IL: Moody, 1995).

The Living Bible Paraphrase (Tyndale House, 1971).

Zondervan NIV Study Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).

Boice, James Montgomery. The Minor Prophets: Volume 2 (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2006).

Rogland, Max. Haggai and Zechariah 1-8: A Handbook on the Hebrew Text (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2016).

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[1] The prophet Moses warned that if the Israelites failed to obey the living LORD God’s covenant (e.g., the Ten Commandments), they would be uprooted from the Promised Land and scattered all over the earth. At least three times in history this kind of dispersion of the Jews took place on a massive scale. Assyria, Babylon, and finally the Roman empire invaded the homeland of the Jews – Palestine and scattered them far abroad.