1
After this, I (John) heard what sounded like a vast crowd in heaven shouting, “Praise
the LORD (Hallelujah)! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God. 2
His judgments are true and just. He has punished (judged) the great prostitute
(wicked woman) who corrupted the earth with her immorality (idolatry, evil). He
has avenged the murder of His servants.” 3 And again their voices
rang out: “Praise the LORD (Hallelujah)! The smoke from that city ascends
forever and ever!” 4 Then the twenty-four elders and the four living
beings fell down and worshiped God, who was sitting on the throne. They cried
out, “Amen! Praise the LORD (Hallelujah)!” 5 And from the throne
came a voice that said, “Praise our God, all His servants, all who fear (reverence)
Him, from the least to the greatest.” 6 Then I heard again what
sounded like the shout of a vast crowd or the roar of mighty ocean waves or the
crash of loud thunder: “Praise the LORD (Hallelujah)! For the Lord our God,
the Almighty, reigns. 7 Let us be glad and rejoice, and let us give
honor to Him. For the time has come for the wedding feast of the Lamb, and His
bride (wife) has prepared herself. 8 She has been given the finest
of pure white linen to wear.” For the fine linen represents the good deeds (righteous
deeds) of God’s holy people (saints). 9 And the angel said to me
(John), “Write this: Blessed are those who are invited to the wedding feast of
the Lamb.” And he added, “These are true words that come from God.” 10
Then I fell down at his feet to worship him, but he said, “No, do not worship
me. I am a servant of God, just like you and your brothers and sisters who
testify about their faith in Jesus. Worship only God. For the essence of
prophecy is to give a clear witness for Jesus.” 11 Then I (John) saw
heaven opened, and a white horse was standing there. Its Rider was named
Faithful and True, for He judges fairly and wages a righteous war. 12
His eyes were like flames of fire, and on His head were many crowns (diadems).
A name (title) was written on Him that no one understood except Himself. 13
He wore a robe dipped in blood, and His title (name) was the Word of God.
14 The armies of heaven, dressed in the finest of pure white linen,
followed Him on white horses. 15 From His mouth came a sharp sword
to strike down the nations. He will rule them with an iron rod. He will release
the fierce wrath of God, the Almighty, like juice flowing from a winepress. 16
On His robe at His thigh was written this title (name): King of all kings
and Lord of all lords. 17 Then I saw an angel standing in the
sun, shouting to the vultures flying high in the sky: “Come! Gather together
for the great banquet God has prepared. 18 Come and eat the flesh of
kings, generals, and strong warriors; of horses and their riders; and of all
humanity, both free and slave, small and great.” 19 Then I saw the
beast and the kings of the world and their armies gathered together to fight
against the One sitting on the horse and His army (troops). 20 And
the beast was captured, and with him the false prophet who did mighty miracles
on behalf of the beast—miracles that deceived all who had accepted the mark of
the beast and who worshiped his statue. Both the beast and his false prophet
were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. 21 Their
entire army was killed by the sharp sword that came from the mouth of the One
riding the white horse. And the vultures all gorged themselves on the dead
bodies.
Revelation 19:1-21 (NLT)
Revelation
19 changes the setting of John’s vision to heaven, where John (the human author
of Revelation) sees the celebration of God’s people. God’s people were
celebrating because of the defeat and destruction of the wicked woman, also
known as “Babylon.” As mentioned previously beginning at Revelation 17:1 and
ending with Revelation 20:15, John describes God and His Son Jesus the Lamb’s
final victory over evil – the unholy trinity (Satan the dragon, the beast
(antichrist), and the false prophet), their wicked woman, and people who follow
the ways of evil (see Revelation 17:15-18; Revelation 19:19-21; Revelation
20:7-10, 15). Essentially, John assures faithful believers of Jesus that God
and the Lamb will defeat evil! God really is in control and righteousness
will reign eternally supreme.
Revelation
19 consists of three parts. The first verses of Revelation 19 describe the
celebration and rejoicing of faithful believers for God’s destruction of the
wicked woman in chapters 17 and 18 (see Revelation 19:1-10). The second part of
Revelation reveal the arrival of Jesus the Lamb and His faithful army
(Revelation 19:11-18). The third part of Revelation reveals the total destruction
of the beast (also known as the antichrist) and his false prophet along with
their evil army (see Revelation 19:19-21).
Revelation
19 begins with John hearing great crowds in heaven celebrating and shouting: “Hallelujah!
Salvation and glory and power belong to our God, for His judgments are true and
just; for He has judged the great prostitute who corrupted the earth with her
immorality, and has avenged on her the blood of His servants” (Revelation 19:1-2,
ESV). Heaven is breaking out in praise! God has avenged the blood of His
servants (saints) (see Revelation 6:10; see also Deuteronomy 32:43). God has judged
the wicked woman who also represents moral and spiritual corruption. Then, the
twenty-four elders and the four living creatures, which are around God’s
throne, fell down and worshiped the true and living God sitting on the throne
and they declared, “Amen. Hallelujah!” (Revelation 19:4, ESV; see also
Revelation 4:2-8). Then from the throne came a voice saying, “Praise our God,
all you His servants, you who fear (reverence and honor) Him, small and great”
(Revelation 19:5, ESV).
At
that moment, John heard once again what sounded like the voice of a great
multitude, like the roar of rushing waters and like the sound of mighty rolling
of great thunder, triumphantly shouting:
“Hallelujah! For our Lord God Almighty reigns. Let
us rejoice and be glad and give Him glory! For the wedding of the Lamb has
come, and His bride has made herself ready. Fine linen, bright and clean, was
given her to wear.” (Fine linen stands for the righteous acts of the saints.) Revelation
19:6-8 (NIV)
Interestingly
the bride of the Lamb wore the cleanest, whitest, and finest of linens, which
represented the good deeds or righteous actions done by His people (saints)
(Revelation 19:8; see also Matthew 5:16; Ephesians 2:10). True, the Holy
Scriptures teaches that the true and living God saves us by His grace when we
believed in Him and His Son, Jesus (Ephesians 2:5, 8; see also Romans 3:21-26).
We can never take credit for our salvation because our salvation is a gift from
God. However, the Holy Scriptures also equally teaches that God and His Son
will judge everyone by his or her righteous deeds or works (see e.g., Psalm 62:12;
Jeremiah 17:10; Romans 2:6). The issue is not salvation by righteous works or
deeds but a person’s righteous works and deeds are overwhelming evidence of one’s
genuine faithfulness and obedience to God. Salvation is by faith (see e.g.,
Ephesians 2:8-9; Titus 3:5), but our genuine faith in God and His Son Jesus are
revealed by the good and righteous works and deeds our faith produces (see
e.g., Matthew 7:15-23; Romans 13:13-14; Ephesians 2:10; Ephesians 4:24;
Ephesians 5:1-21; Galatians 5:22-23; James 2:14-26).
The
imagery of the relationship between God and His people (His bride) as a
marriage or wedding goes back into the Old Testament. In the Old Testament, the
prophets repeatedly spoke of Israel as the chosen bride of God (see e.g.,
Isaiah 54:1-8; Ezekiel 16:7; Hosea 2:19-20). This same symbolism occurs in the
New Testament (see e.g., Matthew 22:1-14; Matthew 25:1-13; Mark 2:19-20; Luke
12:36; 2 Corinthians 11:2). In the New Testament, the church represents the
bride of Christ consisting of both Jews and Gentiles that acknowledge Jesus as
Lord. Jesus loved the church so much that He gave Himself up in her behalf (see
Ephesians 5:25, 32).
Then,
the angel said to John to write down this sentence, “Blessed are those who are
invited to the wedding feast of the Lamb” (Revelation 19:9, NLT). The angel also
told John, “These are true words that come from God” (Revelation 19:9, NLT). Then,
John fell down at the angel’s feet to worship him, but the angel said to John:
“Do not worship me! I am a servant like you and
your brothers and sisters who have the message of Jesus. Worship God, because
the message about Jesus is the spirit that gives all prophecy.” Revelation
19:10 (NCV)
AT
THAT MOMENT,
John saw heaven opened and a white horse standing there (Revelation 19:11). The
One sitting on the white horse was named Faithful and True, and John added that
in righteousness He judges, punishes, and makes war (Revelation 19:11). The One
sitting on the white horse is the living and resurrected Jesus! This time Jesus
is coming not as the Baby in a manger but the great Warrior-Messiah-King. This
passage portrays the physical second coming of Jesus predicted at Acts 1:9-11.
John
declared that Jesus’ piercing eyes were like flames, and on His head were many
crowns or diadems (Revelation 19:12; see also Revelation 1:14). Jesus had a name
written on His forehead that no one knows the meaning but Himself (Revelation
19:12). Amazingly, John noticed that the conquering Jesus was clothed with
garments dipped in blood (Revelation 19:13; see also; Revelation 5:6, 9). John
called Jesus the “Word of God” (Revelation 19:13; see also John 1:1, 14;
Hebrews 1:1-2). The armies of heaven, dressed in finest linen, white and clean,
also followed Jesus on white horses (Revelation 19:14). Interestingly, Jesus’
army wore fine linen, white and pure, instead of wearing armor. In Jesus’ mouth,
He held a sharp sword to strike down the nations (Revelation 19:15; see also
Revelation 1:16). Then, John declared the living and resurrected Jesus will
rule (shepherd) the nations with a rod of iron or iron scepter and tread the
winepress of the fury of God’s ultimate wrath (Revelation 19:15; see also Revelation
2:27; Revelation 12:5; Psalm 2:9). On Jesus’ robe and thigh, Jesus had a title written,
“KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS” (Revelation 19:16).
Then,
John saw an angel standing in the sunshine, shouting loudly to all the vultures
flying in air, “Come, gather together for the great supper of God, so that you
may eat the flesh of kings, generals, and mighty men, of horses and their
riders, and the flesh of all people, free and slave, small and great” (Revelation
19:17-18, NIV). This revolting scene is based on the visions of the Old Testament
prophet of Ezekiel where God commanded the birds of every kind to gather for a
feast on the warriors and princes of God (see Ezekiel chapters 38 and 39,
especially Ezekiel 39:17-20).
At
that juncture, John saw the beast, the kings or government of the earth, and
their armies gathered to make war against Jesus and His faithful army
(Revelation 19:19). Interestingly, John does not describe the actual battle.
Instead, the beast was captured and with him his false prophet who had
performed the miraculous and deceptive signs on the beast’s behalf (Revelation
19:20). Both Satan (also called great dragon, ancient serpent, and the devil)
and the false prophet are portrayed in Revelation as deceivers, tricksters, and
liars who lead the whole world astray (Revelation 12:9; Revelation 13:14-15;
Relation 19:20; Revelation 20:3, 10). With these deceiving and miraculous signs,
the false prophet and the beast had deceived and mislead those who had received
the mark of the beast and worshiped his evil image (Revelation 19:20).
Together, the beast and the false prophet were thrown alive into the fiery lake
of burning sulfur (lake of fire) (Revelation 19:20). The rest of the evil
followers of the beast and the false prophet (their army) were killed with the
sword that came out of the mouth of Jesus (Revelation 19:21; see also 2 Thessalonians
2:8). Then, all the birds of the air gorged themselves on the evil followers’ flesh
(Revelation 19:21).
References
ESV
Study Bible, English Standard Version (Wheaton,
IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).
Zondervan NIV
Study Bible
(Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008).
Dr.
Loyd Melton, Ph.D., Senior Professor of the New Testament (Due West, SC: Erskine
Theological Seminary, 2016).
Metzger,
Bruce. Breaking the Code: Understanding
the Book of Revelation (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1993).
Mounce,
Robert H. The Book of Revelation
(Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1998).
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